• MTN dominates submarine fibre optic deployment among GSM operators in Nigeria, increasing its network from 1,500 km in 2018 to 17,984 km in 2022
• Glo had the earliest and largest submarine fibre deployment, peaking at 19,200 km in 2012, but later scaled down to 9,800 km from 2014 onwards
• Airtel has not invested in submarine fibre, with its network remaining below 25 km throughout the period
• 9mobile has not deployed any submarine fibre cable since 2012

• Airtel has shown the most aggressive fibre optic expansion, increasing from 4,632 km in 2012 to 16,112 km in 2022
• Glo initially led with 16,224 km in 2012, but its fibre optic deployment later declined and stabilised around 13,000 km from 2018 to 2022
• Between 2019 and 2022, MTN's deployment remained unchanged at 14,612 km
• 9mobile's fibre deployment peaked in 2018 at 4,650 km and remained unchanged till 2022

• Dangote Cement has grown its revenue consistently since 2014 and reached a historic ₦3.6 trillion in 2024
• Revenues have more than tripled between 2020 (₦1.0 trillion) and 2024 (₦3.6 trillion)
• The year-on-year growth rate shows fluctuations, with declines in some years and sharp rebounds in 2020, 2022, and 2024
• The highest year-on-year growth occurred in 2024 (62.2%), signalling a particularly strong performance

• Nigeria’s active mobile GSM lines reached an all-time high of 224 million in 2023, up from 222 million in 2022.
• The number of active lines has grown steadily from 40 million in 2007, with notable surges in 2012 (110 million), 2018 (172 million), and 2020 (204 million).
• Growth slowed between 2016 and 2017, where active lines dipped slightly from 154 million to 145 million, before resuming an upward trajectory.
• With over 220 million active lines, Nigeria remains one of Africa’s largest telecom markets, driven by increasing mobile adoption.

• Nigeria's largest cement manufacturers each recorded over 50% revenue growth in 2024
• BUA Cement recorded the largest revenue growth in 2024 (90.5%), nearly doubling its revenue from ₦460 billion in 2023
• Dangote Cement's revenue exceeded the combined revenue of BUA Cement and Lafarge Africa in both 2023 and 2024
• Lafarge Africa earned ₦696.8 billion in revenue, the lowest revenue of the three cement majors

Key takeaways:

• Tecno (23.55%) and Infinix (21.73%) lead the Nigerian mobile market, making up a combined 45.28% of the market share.
• Samsung (12.36%) is the leading non-Chinese brand, with Apple (9.43%) following closely behind.
• Xiaomi (7.15%) and Huawei (4.34%) are emerging as significant players in Nigeria's mobile sector.
• Premium brands such as Samsung (12.36%) and Apple (9.43%) have considerable but smaller market shares compared to their Chinese counterparts.
• Chinese manufacturers collectively dominate over 60% of the mobile market in Nigeria.

Key takeaways:

• In February 2025, Samsung and Apple dominate the mobile market in Africa.
• Samsung leads with a 29.80% share of the continent's mobile market based on usage.
• Apple ranks second with a 13.27% share, demonstrating resilience in markets sensitive to pricing.
• Collectively, Chinese manufacturers hold more than 45% of the mobile market in Africa.
• Brands under Transsion Holdings (Tecno, Infinix, Itel) together represent nearly 25% of the total market share based on usage.

Key Takeaways:

• In 2023, Kiribati spent the largest % of its GDP on education, amounting to 16.39%.
• Kiribati, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu each allocated over 10% of their GDP to education.
• Bolivia and the Solomon Islands each directed around 8.3% of their GDP spending towards education.
• The top ten countries dedicated approximately 6.6% to 16.4% of their GDP to education.

• Lagos carried the South-West VAT burden, remitting ₦305.52B (89.6% of the region's total) but receiving only ₦62.59B (20.5% return), making it the highest net contributor in Nigeria.
• Osun had the most disproportionate gain, remitting a mere ₦590M but receiving ₦7.73B, an astronomical 1,211% return—the highest redistribution gain in the South-West.
• The entire South-West remitted ₦341.18B but received only ₦106.85B, meaning it got back just ₦0.31 for every ₦1 contributed, highlighting a severe VAT allocation imbalance.
• Ondo and Ogun remitted only ₦3.3B but received ₦16B combined, far exceeding their generated VAT, while Lagos alone subsidised most of the allocations across the country.

• The South-East remitted ₦10.94 billion in VAT but received ₦39.15 billion, a 257.7% increase, showing a high reliance on VAT sharing.
• Abia, the lowest contributor (₦734M), received ₦7.29B, nearly 10× its remittance, making it the biggest relative beneficiary in the region.
• Anambra, the highest contributor (₦3.56B), received only ₦8.72B, showing a sharing trend where high-contributing states do not necessarily receive the most.
• Every South-East state received at least 2× what they remitted, with an average allocation of ₦7.83B despite an average contribution of just ₦2.19B.

• The North-West region received ₦66.55 billion, more than double its remittance (₦28.31B), showing a heavy reliance on federal VAT sharing.
• Zamfara, the lowest contributor (₦1.45B), received the highest percentage gain (+433%), getting ₦7.72B, while Kano, the highest contributor (₦9.59B), had the smallest relative gain (+41.5%).
• Kaduna and Katsina, despite remitting ₦3.50B and ₦3.86B, received ₦10.18B and ₦10.01B, respectively, nearly tripling their remittance.
• Kano remitted 34% of the zone’s VAT but received only 20.4% of the total allocation, reinforcing that VAT is distributed based on equality and not economic strength.