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Popular Insights
  • Internet subscribers in Nigeria increased by 4.3% from 157.6m in March 2023 to 164.4m as of March 2024, an addition of 6.817m new subscribers. Lagos State has the largest share of active internet subscribers in Nigeria, but Nasarawa gained the most new subscribers in one year.

    assarawa (604k) got the most new subscribers between Q1 2023 and Q1 2024, followed by Niger (456k) and Kano (387k). Benue (368k) and Kwara (315k) also saw impressive subscriber growth. Bauchi, Taraba, Katsina, Adamawa, and Kogi completed the top ten.

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    In October 2021, the average price of 12.5kg cooking gas in Nigeria increased by 62.76% in October 2021 compared to October 2020. Between August 2021 and October 2021, the price increased by 47%.

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  • A Trend of Adult literacy rates of African countries

    Between 2018 and 2021, adult literacy rates across African nations exhibited significant disparities. Seychelles and South Africa led with literacy rates of 96% and 95%, respectively, indicating a high proportion of literate adults. Conversely, Chad had the lowest literacy rate during this period.

    These statistics underscore the uneven progress in educational attainment across Africa, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve literacy in lower-performing nations.

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    Africa's sanitation crisis is alarming, with 17 of the top 20 countries having the highest open defecation rates.

    Eritrea (67%), Niger (65%), and Chad (63%) lead, putting millions at risk of disease.

    Even Nigeria, the most populous African country, has 18% of its population practising it.

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  • Nigeria was the seventh most populous nation in the world in 2020, with 206.1 million people. Projected to reach a population of 401.3 million by 2050, Nigeria will rank third after India (1st) and China (2nd). According to Institut national d'études démographiques' projections, Nigeria, Ethiopia, DR Congo, Egypt, Tanzania, and Kenya will be among the world’s top 20 most populous countries by 2050.

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    The FAAC's revenue distribution from 2017 to August 2023 highlights the dominance of Delta, Akwa Ibom, Rivers, and Bayelsa states in allocations. Despite Lagos' economic prominence, it ranked fifth. Here is the distribution of revenue among states between 2017 and August 2023.

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    • The 2025 approved budget is nearly ₦55 trillion, marking a dramatic increase compared to previous years.
    • From 2020 onwards, the budget has seen a rapid upward trend.
    • Nigeria's national budget has consistently grown over the years, with notable jumps in 2016, 2021, and 2025.
    • The most significant year-on-year increase occurred from 2024 to 2025, with a 91% rise.
    • Since 2010, the budget has only decreased in four years (2012, 2014, 2015, and 2019), highlighting a generally upward trend in government spending
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  • Only 10% of Nigerians earn above ₦100,000, according to the Nigerian Financial Services Market Report. This aligns with most reports about Nigeria, and it's in sharp contrast to the narratives online.
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  • A Trend of Adult literacy rates of African countries

    Between 2018 and 2021, adult literacy rates across African nations exhibited significant disparities. Seychelles and South Africa led with literacy rates of 96% and 95%, respectively, indicating a high proportion of literate adults. Conversely, Chad had the lowest literacy rate during this period.

    These statistics underscore the uneven progress in educational attainment across Africa, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve literacy in lower-performing nations.

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Other Insights

WhatsApp Business generated an estimated $39.5 million from Africa in 2023, representing 10.3% of its global revenue.

Estimates from Statista show that Asia was the leading contributor to WhatsApp Business' revenue, with $155.2 million.

Here is a breakdown of WhatsApp Business' revenue by region in 2023.

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As of December 2023, 28.6 million internally displaced people affected by conflict were under the age of 18, accounting for 38% of the global IDP population.

Conflict-ravaged Sudan has the most internally displaced children globally, with 4.25 million under the age of 18.

DR Congo and Syria follow with 3.57 million and 2.65 million displaced children, respectively. Nigeria's 1.65 million displaced children make it the 7th highest globally for child displacement due to conflict.

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Nigeria's first Olympics appearance was at Helsinki 1952 but it wasn't until its fourth appearance at Tokyo 1964 that it won its first medal — a bronze. The country’s best medals haul (6) was at Atlanta 1996, where it won 2 gold, 1 silver, and 3 bronze.

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Between 2005 and 2022, Cote d'Ivoire's natural rubber production grew at an average of 12% yearly, maintaining its continental dominance. With an estimated population of nearly 29 million, the West African country produced 1.286 million tonnes in 2022, 73% of the continent's output, and placed fourth globally.
 
Meanwhile, Nigeria's production has grown 158% since 1961, peaking at 155 thousand tonnes in 1991.
Ghana's production has grown steadily, peaking at 117 thousand tonnes in 2022. Liberia and Cameroon complete the top five in Africa as of 2022.
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Since 2011, over ₦32.8 trillion has gone to Nigeria’s state governors from the Federation Account Allocation Committee (FAAC). States from the South East have received ₦3.3 trillion combined, the least nationwide.

 

This fund allocation is to ensure that all levels of government have the necessary funds to meet their financial obligations and to provide public services.

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Data from Nigeria's National Bureau of Statistics shows that the Federal Allocation Account Committee (FAAC) disbursed at least ₦32.8 trillion net to the 36 states and the FCT since 2011.

 

Five of Nigeria's oil-producing states — Delta, Akwa Ibom, Rivers, Bayelsa, and Lagos — have received 33.7% of the country's net federal allocation since 2011, with Delta State receiving the most. Kano, Katsina, Borno, Kaduna, and Ondo complete the top ten.

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Top ten natural rubber-producing countries (1990-2022)
Côte d'Ivoire emerged as the world's fourth-largest producer of natural rubber in 2022. Cote d'Ivoire, Nigeria, and Liberia are the only African countries in the top ten between 1990 and 2022.
Nigeria was among the top ten until 2010, but as of 2022, Côte d'Ivoire was the only African country in the top ten producers. 
Asian countries have historically led the world's natural rubber production, with the top seven countries — Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, Vietnam, China, and Philippines — producing 87% of the global output between 1990 and 2022.
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Food prices have continued to increase as Nigeria's headline inflation hit 34.19% in June 2024, one of the highest globally.

NBS's monthly survey for the average prices of selected food items in Nigeria as of June 2024 shows that tomatoes have gone up by 321%, yam by 296%, and staples — beans, rice, and plantain — have also seen significant increases. These are the top ten food items most hit by inflation in Nigeria in the past twelve months.
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Africa's producers of natural rubber in 2022
Côte d'Ivoire has maintained its title of Africa's largest producer of natural rubber, increasing production by an average of 13% annually. Nigeria was Africa's largest producer of natural rubber in the early 90s until Côte d'Ivoire took the top spot in 1999. As of 2022, its production capacity was 8.6x more than Nigeria's. In 2022, Côte d'Ivoire produced 1.286 million tonnes of natural rubber; Nigeria and Ghana followed with 149.4 thousand tonnes and 117 thousand tonnes, respectively.
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Rising fuel costs are impacting transportation prices of goods and services, straining household budgets and contributing to inflation. The average cost of petrol in Nigeria has increased by 25% since July 2023. Diesel prices have seen an even sharper increase of 85%, rising from a national average of ₦794 in July 2023 to ₦1,462 in June 2024.

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Nigeria's Federal Government and organised labour have recently agreed on a new minimum wage of ₦70,000, with a commitment to review the national minimum wage law every three years. In the 43 years since 1981, Nigeria's national minimum wage has only increased five times, averaging 8-9 years between each increase.

Regular reviews could help ensure that wage increases are gradual and predictable, thereby reducing economic shocks, maintaining pace with inflation, and purchasing power for workers.

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Nigeria produced approximately 182 kWh of electricity per person in 2023, just enough to run only a 100-watt light bulb for five hours daily.

Nigeria's per capita electricity production has fluctuated in the past two decades. In this time, production has remained within the range of 120 kWh to 194 kWh.

Here is a visual representation of the country's per capita electricity production since 2000.

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Key Takeaways:
  • In 2023, China’s exports to Nigeria totaled $20.18 billion, while imports from Nigeria reached only $2.37 billion.
  • China’s trade surplus with Nigeria amounted to approximately $17.8 billion.
  • Chinese exports accounted for 89.5% of the total bilateral trade, with Nigerian exports making up just 10.5%.
  • The trade imbalance underscores Nigeria’s strong dependence on Chinese goods and industrial inputs.
  • For every $1 Nigeria exports to China, it imports $8.50 worth of Chinese products.
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Somalia’s official exchange rate (Somali Shilling per US$), 2015 - 2024
  • Somalia’s currency has depreciated by 26.4% between 2015 and 2024.
  • The sharpest yearly depreciation was in 2019, at 4.64%.
  • From 2020 to 2021, the SOS saw its smallest year-on-year shift at 1.08%.
  • Despite fluctuations, every year from 2015 to 2024 recorded a net increase in SOS per US$.
  • 2017 recorded near-stable currency performance with just a 0.16% change from the previous year.
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Key Takeaways:
  • Africa's gold production grew steadily from 621.78 tonnes in 2010 to 1,003.98 tonnes in 2023.
  • The continent experienced an overall increase of 61.5% in gold output over the 14 years.
  • The continent saw consistent year-on-year growth, with only minor declines in 2020 and 2022.
  • 2023 marked the highest production level in more than a decade.
  • The average annual growth rate in gold mine production over the period was approximately 4%.
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Key Takeaways:
  • Global gold production rose from 2,830.80 tonnes in 2010 to 3,646.07 tonnes in 2023.
  • The most significant year-over-year growth occurred between 2012 and 2013, with an increase of over 178 tonnes.
  • A temporary decline in production was recorded in 2019 and 2020, reflecting pandemic-related disruptions.
  • Production recovered quickly post-pandemic, reaching a record 3,646.07 tonnes by 2023.
  • Over the last fourteen years, gold mine output grew at an average annual rate of approximately 2%.
  • Growth from 2021 to 2023 was more moderate compared to earlier years.
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Strongest African currencies by annual average official exchange rate (LCU per US$) in 2024
  • Tunisia held the top spot with the strongest African currency, trading at 3.11 TND per USD in 2024.
  • Libya followed as the second-strongest, with an exchange rate of 4.83 LYD per USD.
  • Morocco maintained a strong regional position, with its dirham trading at 9.94 MAD per USD.
  • Botswana’s pula was relatively stable, exchanging at 13.56 per USD, highlighting Southern Africa’s economic steadiness.
  • Ghana and Seychelles had closely matched exchange rates, trading at 14.48 and 14.53 to the dollar, respectively.
  • South Africa, Lesotho, Namibia, and Eswatini all shared almost identical exchange rates of around 18.32–18.33 per USD, showing tight regional monetary coordination.
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Africa's regional economic performance (2024), regional averages
  • Eastern Africa is the continent's fastest-growing region in 2024 with a GDP growth rate of 5.39%, but it also faces the highest inflation at 17.76%.
  • Southern Africa has the lowest inflation (3.48%) but also the highest unemployment by far, at 28.64%.
  • Western Africa combines growth (3.57%) with low unemployment (4.53%), positioning it as a relatively stable economic zone.
  • Central Africa and Northern Africa both lag in GDP growth, at 1.40% and 2.90% respectively, with Central Africa also experiencing moderate inflation and interest rates.
  • Interest rates are highest in Western (10.84%) and Eastern Africa (10.12%), reflecting tighter monetary policies likely aimed at controlling inflation.
  • Northern Africa’s 11.15% unemployment rate suggests underlying labour market issues despite moderate inflation and interest rates.
  • Southern Africa's low interest rate (6.29%) hasn't translated into job creation, indicating that monetary easing alone isn't resolving unemployment challenges.
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