Over the last twenty years, the ratio of tax to GDP in South Africa has varied, reaching a high of 24.9%—a 19% increase since 2004/05

Key takeaways:

  • The tax-to-GDP ratio reached its peak in 2022/23 at 24.9%, signifying enhanced efficiency in tax collection.
  • Throughout the past two decades, the percentage of tax revenue relative to GDP has exhibited significant stability.
  • The tax revenue as a proportion of GDP has fluctuated between 21% and 25% over the last twenty years.
  • Notable declines occurred during global economic downturns, such as the financial crisis of 2008-2009 and the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • The recent years (2021-2024) reflect a robust recovery, with tax revenue percentages approaching peak levels.

In the last twenty years, South Africa has experienced a gradual increase in tax revenue as a share of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). During this timeframe, tax revenue rose steadily from 21% in 2004/05 to a robust 23.8% by 2007/08. However, the global financial crisis caused a sharp decline, leading to a drop to 21.1% in 2009/10.

From 2010 to 2020, tax revenue consistently remained in the range of 22-24% of the GDP, showcasing the country's remarkable capacity to sustain fiscal momentum amid economic uncertainties. The timeframe from 2016/17 to 2019/20 was particularly stable, with tax revenue consistently recorded at 23.7%.

The COVID-19 pandemic presented another obstacle, temporarily reducing tax revenue to 22.3% in 2020/21. However, South Africa's economy rebounded quickly. By 2021/22, tax revenue not only recovered but also increased to 24.7%, peaking at 24.9% in 2022/23.

The most recent figure of 24.5% for 2023/24 indicates continued strong performance, demonstrating the country’s capacity to adapt, efficiently collect revenue, and uphold fiscal stability despite global economic challenges.

Source:

South Africa Revenue Service

Period:

2004/05 - 2023/24
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