Nigeria’s public debt rises to $99.7 billion (₦152.4 trillion) as of June 2025

  • Nigeria’s public debt rose to $99.7 billion, up from $91.3 billion in June 2024, marking a return to growth after a dollar-value decline in 2024.
  • The debt in local currency climbed to ₦152.4 trillion, reflecting both borrowing and continued naira depreciation.
  • The increase underscores ongoing domestic financing challenges and vulnerability to exchange-rate fluctuations.
  • The growth in dollar terms points to renewed external borrowing as the government manages debt obligations post-2024 volatility.

Newly released figures from the Debt Management Office (DMO) show that Nigeria’s total public debt climbed to $99.7 billion (₦152.4 trillion) as of June 2025, up from $91.3 billion (₦134.3 trillion) a year earlier.

The increase marks a return to growth in dollar terms after a volatile 2024 shaped by steep currency depreciation. While the naira value of debt continued to rise sharply, the modest rebound in dollar terms suggests renewed external borrowing and ongoing fiscal adjustments.

Source:

Debt Management Office

Period:

June 2013-June 2025
HTML code to embed chart
Want a bespoke report?
Reach out
Click to copy HTML embed code
Tags
Related Insights
Debt service costs in South Africa surpassed health spending in 2020/21 and reached R426.3B in 2025
  • Debt service costs in South Africa overtook government health spending in 2020/21.
  • In South Africa's 2025 budget, debt service costs stand at R426.3B, compared to R296.1B for health.
  • Debt service costs grew at 11.3% CAGR (2017–2025), more than double the 5.0% CAGR of government health expenditure.
  • The gap between debt and health spending widened sharply after 2020/21, with debt consistently pulling ahead.
Nigeria has paid $57.67 billion in external debt interest in 54 years, with payments rising 1,140% since 2009
  • Nigeria spent $57.67B on external debt interest from 1970 to 2023.
  • Payments were low initially but rose steadily as borrowing increased.
  • In the 1990s, interest payments fluctuated due to debt rescheduling and restructuring agreements.
  • In 2005, payments jumped to $5.31B following a strategic debt buyback that accelerated obligations.
  • Annual payments climbed 1,139.6%, from $0.31B to $3.79B, showing rising debt service costs.
While Angola's debt service-to-GDP hits 68%, Algeria’s is 0.1%, showing huge variety in debt burdens
  • Angola and Ethiopia account for the highest debt service-to-GDP ratios in Africa, both exceeding 67%.
  • East Africa dominates the high debt-servicing bracket, with five countries among the top ten most burdened.
  • Algeria has the lowest debt service-to-GDP ratio on the continent at just 0.10%.
  • There’s a wide gap between the top and bottom debt service burdens, reflecting divergent fiscal paths across Africa.
  • Low debt servicing doesn’t automatically mean economic strength—it may reflect limited borrowing capacity.
While many other African nations face a high debt burden, Algeria's already low debt keeps falling to a projected 0.09% in 2025
  • Algeria’s debt service per GDP dropped from 0.77% in 2009 to a projected 0.09% in 2025.
  • The country’s debt service per GDP declined at a -11.9% CAGR from 2009–2025.
  • A high of 0.73% occurred in 2012 before the consistent decline resumed.
  • By 2015, the country's debt service fell to 0.27%, showing progress in reduction.
  • The lowest point is forecast for 2025, at 0.09% of GDP.
  • Algeria’s debt burden is among the lowest in Africa, contrasting with the rising trend in many other nations.
  • This low debt service level allows for greater fiscal flexibility in public spending and investment.
Nigeria's debt service per GDP increased from 0.7% in 2015 to 10.2% in 2024, with 2025 forecasted to reach 15.1%
  • Nigeria's debt service per GDP rose from 0.9% in 2009 to a projected 15.1% in 2025.
  • Overall CAGR from 2009 to 2025 is 17.8%.
  • President Muhammadu Buhari’s tenure saw the fastest growth (29.1% CAGR).
  • Under President Goodluck Jonathan, growth was slower (6.5% CAGR).
  • President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s term so far shows a 27.6% CAGR.
Angola's debt burden reached a new peak in 2024, with its debt service hitting 68.3% of GDP
  • Debt service in Angola hit 68.3% of GDP in 2024.
  • Even with a projected fall to 67.7% in 2025, the debt burden remains high.
  • Between 2009 and 2025, the debt service ratio grew at a CAGR of 11.2%.
  • The ratio stayed below 15% from 2009 to 2014 before surging to 41.9% in 2016.
  • Angola has faced multiple spikes above 50% since 2019, showing recurring debt strain.
  • The sharp drop to 31.2% in 2022 was short-lived, followed by a steep increase.
POPULAR TOPICS
SIGN UP TO OUR NEWSLETTER
Get periodic updates about the African startup space, access to our reports, among others.
Subscribe Here
Subscription Form
A product of Techpoint Africa. All rights reserved