South Africa - Intelpoint

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The top 15 countries accounted for 68.8% of global gold production in 2023, with four African nations among the leaders

Key takeaways:

China led global gold production with 378.16 tonnes, representing approximately 10.4% of global output.
The top five producers (China, Russia, Australia, Canada, and the United States) collectively produced 37% of the world’s gold.
African nations showed remarkable strength, with four countries in the top 15 (Ghana, Mali, South Africa, and Burkina Faso).
Ghana led Africa in gold production and ranked 6th globally, producing 135.11 tonnes in 2023.
China, Australia, and Russia together produced nearly 1,000 tonnes of gold, accounting for 27.3% of total world production.

ECOWAS countries (525.55 tonnes) led Africa’s gold production in 2023, with more than half of the continent’s production

Key Takeaways:

Ghana led the continent in gold production in 2023, producing 135.11 tonnes, 13.5% of Africa’s total.
Four countries (Ghana, Mali, South Africa, and Burkina Faso) each produced over 95 tonnes, together accounting for 443 tonnes or 44.1% of the continent’s output.
West African countries dominated the rankings, with eight nations from the region among the top 15 producers.
The West African countries in the top 15 combined contributed 525.55 tonnes, more than half (52.3%) of Africa's total gold production.
South Africa ranked third in Africa with 104.29 tonnes.
Burkina Faso ranked fourth while contributing almost 10% of Africa’s gold production.

Between Q1 2023 and Q1 2025, South Africa reduced IMF debt by over 75%, with full repayment possible at the rate of SDR 381.4 million quarterly by the end of 2025

Key Takeaways:

South Africa’s outstanding debt to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) decreased from SDR 3.05 billion in March 2023 to SDR 762.8 million by March 2025.
The debt level remained unchanged at SDR 3.05 billion through the first three quarters of 2023.
Starting in December 2023, South Africa began making consistent quarterly repayments of SDR 381.4 million.
This trend demonstrates steady progress in debt reduction and a strengthened commitment to fiscal discipline.
The country is potentially on track for full repayment of its debt by the end of 2025.

Netherlands dominated with 18.6% of South African citrus exports in 2023, outpacing other countries

The Netherlands led with 18.6% of South Africa’s citrus exports in 2023.
The U.S. accounted for 5.8% of South Africa’s citrus exports, a small share compared to Europe and UAE.
South African citrus exports to the U.S. in 2023 was valued at $141 million.
Other markets, like the UK and UAE, played a larger role in South Africa’s citrus trade.
Market diversity may reduce the impact of the trending U.S. tariff on South Africa’s overall citrus export.

South Africa's personal income tax has increased in share from ~30% to nearly 40% over the years

Key Takeaways:

In 2007/08, personal income tax (PIT) contributed 29.46% of total tax revenue, while corporate income tax (CIT) added a substantial 24.46%.
The share of personal income tax in tax revenue rose by 27% from 2007/08 to 2023/24.
Corporate income tax contribution declined by 26% from 2007/08 to 2023/24.
In 2019/20, personal income tax made the largest contribution to tax revenue (38.9%), a 32% rise from the 2007/08 contribution.
Other taxes showed minor variations, averaging around 19% of total tax revenue.
Personal income tax reached its peak contribution at 38.92% in 2019/20 before dropping by 4% in 2023/24.

Over the last twenty years, the ratio of tax to GDP in South Africa has varied, reaching a high of 24.9%—a 19% increase since 2004/05

Key takeaways:

The tax-to-GDP ratio reached its peak in 2022/23 at 24.9%, signifying enhanced efficiency in tax collection.
Throughout the past two decades, the percentage of tax revenue relative to GDP has exhibited significant stability.
The tax revenue as a proportion of GDP has fluctuated between 21% and 25% over the last twenty years.
Notable declines occurred during global economic downturns, such as the financial crisis of 2008-2009 and the COVID-19 pandemic.
The recent years (2021-2024) reflect a robust recovery, with tax revenue percentages approaching peak levels.

Libya recorded the highest revenue-to-GDP ratio among African countries in 2022 with 85.78%

Key takeaways:

Libya's total revenue (85.78% of GDP) significantly surpassed all other African states.
Lesotho is noteworthy with the second-highest total revenue ratio at 48.12%.
Equatorial Guinea and Sao Tomé & Príncipe in Western Africa recorded total revenue of 30.79% and 25.38% respectively.
South Africa generated 27.74% of its GDP in revenue.
The top ten countries reported total revenue exceeding 28%.

Top ten African countries' contribution to CO2 emission from fossil fuel (2023)

Key takeaways:

Economic development in Africa often relies heavily on carbon-intensive energy sources.

Emissions by South Africa were more than twice Algeria's.
The top four countries have been the highest contributors to carbon emissions in the past four years.
Sixty-nine percent of carbon emissions in Africa in 2023 were from the top four African countries.

Rwanda tops SSA for 3rd consecutive year in Rule of Law Index 2024; Nigeria Ranks 23rd of 34 countries

Rwanda is performing relatively well in terms of governance and rule of law, leading sub-Saharan Africa for the third consecutive year with a score of 0.63 in the 2024 Rule of Law Index. Namibia (0.61) and Mauritius (0.60) closely follow, showcasing relatively stronger legal frameworks. At the lower end, Nigeria, Congo, and Gabon score 0.40, highlighting persistent governance challenges. Globally, Denmark tops the list of 142 countries, with a score of 0.90, while Venezuela ranks last at 0.26, emphasising the gap between SSA's highest performers and global leaders. This mix of progress and struggles illustrates the varied state of governance across the region.

Morocco led Africa in phone exports, valued at $192 million in 2023

In 2023, Morocco led Africa’s phone export market with $192.2 million, making up 0.07% of the global total, followed by South Africa at $85.9 million, with a global share of 0.03%. Though Tunisia, Mauritius, and Kenya contributed smaller shares, Tunisia’s remarkable 5,456% growth stands out, positioning it for greater involvement in the global market. However, Mauritius and Kenya faced declines of -38% and -52%.

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