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Nigeria's non-oil tax revenue solidified its dominance over oil in FIRS collections, reaching a record of ₦15.9t in 2024, more than 2.7x the ₦5.8t from oil
  • FIRS recorded ₦15.9 trillion of non-oil tax, almost three times the ₦5.8 trillion recorded for oil tax.
  • Non-oil tax revenue made up 73.3% of the total revenue collected in 2023.
  • From 2012 down to 2024, non-oil tax revenue surpassed oil tax revenue most of the time.
  • Oil taxes are petroleum profit tax and company income (oil & gas) tax while non-profit tax includes company income (non-oil) tax, gas tax, capital gains, stamp duty, NCS import VAT, and non-import VAT.

Nigeria's FIRS surpassed 2024 target as revenue soared 76% to a record ₦21.7 trillion
  • The FIRS collected ₦21.7 trillion, outpacing the target of ₦19.4 trillion set by the government.
  • FIRS grossed its highest revenue of all time since 2012 in 2024.
  • Comparing the values of 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024 reveals a significant shift.
  • The tax revenue collected in 2024 surpassed the amount collected in 2023 by an outstanding 75.6%.

Non-oil company income tax and two other sources accounted for over 70% of Nigeria's tax revenue in 2024
  • Company Income Tax (Non-Oil) emerged as the largest contributor, accounting for over 30% of total tax revenue.
  • NCS-Import VAT followed closely, contributing 23.63%, emphasising the significance of import-related taxes to Nigeria's revenue.
  • Traditional oil-based taxes such as Petroleum Profit Tax/Hydrocarbon Tax and CIT (Oil & Gas) jointly contributed over 26%, showing that oil remains a vital but declining pillar.
  • Newer tax streams like the Electronic Money Transfer Levy and NASENI (National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure) funding have emerged, but still make up less than 2% of total revenue.
  • Minor tax categories like Capital Gains Tax, NITDEF (National Information Technology Development Fund), and NPTFL (Nigeria Police Trust Fund) had negligible impact, each contributing less than 0.5%

Anambra State has tripled its IGR in the last ten years
  • Anambra’s IGR grew sevenfold in 16 years, reaching ₦42 billion in 2024.
  • A ₦26B to ₦42B jump in just six years (2018–2024) indicates accelerating growth.
  • The most dramatic jumps occurred post-2018, pointing to possibly new fiscal reforms or policies.
  • Between 2014 and 2024, revenue grew by over 300%, from ₦10B to ₦42B.

Total FAAC revenue shared in Nigeria consistently grew year-on-year from February to June 2025, with increases ranging from 39% to 49%
  • Nigeria’s FAAC revenue increased 49% YoY in March 2025 (₦1.68T vs ₦1.12T in March 2024).
  • February 2025 saw a 48% increase YoY (₦1.70T vs ₦1.15T in February 2024).
  • April 2025 revenue rose by 41% YoY, moving from ₦1.12T in April 2024 to ₦1.58T.
  • January 2025 showed no YoY change, recording ₦1.42T in both 2024 and 2025.
  • The consistent growth in H1 2025 FAAC revenues signals improved government revenue mobilisation, better oil/non-oil collections, and higher capacity for states to meet obligations.

Nigeria experienced substantial year-on-year declines in exchange rate gain revenue from April to June 2025, with decreases of 90%, 81%, and 85% respectively
  • Nigeria’s exchange rate gain revenue dropped by 73.2% in H1 2025 compared to H1 2024.
  • In April 2025, exchange rate gain fell by 90% year-on-year from ₦285.5B to ₦28.7B.
  • May saw an 81% drop, with revenue declining from ₦438.9B in 2024 to ₦81.4B in 2025.
  • January 2025 was the only month with a stable figure, matching January 2024’s ₦402.7B.
  • Exchange rate gain revenue for February and March 2025 was unavailable, likely worsening the total.
  • The first half of 2025 generated only ₦589.4B in FX gains, compared to ₦2.2T in the same period in 2024.

Muhammadu Buhari’s economic legacy in charts
  • Inflation jumped by 13.4 percentage points, from 9.0% pre-Buhari to 22.4% post-Buhari.
  • The value of the naira] depreciated by over 235% during Buhari’s tenure, ending at ₦645.2/$.
  • Total public debt increased nearly 7x, from ₦12.6 trillion in 2015 to ₦87.4 trillion in 2023.
  • Nigeria’s GDP growth rate averaged just 1.24% annually between 2015 and 2023.
  • Foreign reserves peaked at $44.5 billion in 2018 but dropped to $38.3 billion by 2023.
  • FDI inflows showed volatility, with the highest being $3.5 billion in 2021 and the lowest at $0.8 billion.
  • Nigeria's GDP growth rate was modest, with the country experiencing a recession in 2016.

29 women led central banks around the world in 2024, more than double the number in 2018, when there were just 14
  • The number of female central bank governors rose from 21 in 2014 to 29 in 2024, a 38% increase over the decade.
  • The lowest point was in 2018, with just 14 female governors, marking a 33% drop from the 2014 figure.
  • A rebound began after 2018, with consistent annual growth from 2020 onwards, peaking in 2024.
  • The number remained under 20 for six consecutive years (2015–2021) before breaking past that mark again in 2022.

Nigeria has the lowest female national parliamentary representation in Africa, with only 4.3% female representation
  • Rwanda leads Africa in female parliamentary representation with 61.3% women in its national legislature.
  • Nigeria has the lowest representation of women in parliament across the continent at just 4.3%.
  • South Africa and Cabo Verde also boast high female parliamentary shares, with 44.7% and 44.4% respectively.
  • Four of the top 10 countries have more than 40% women in their national assemblies.
  • Only five countries in the bottom 10 have over 10% female representation.
  • The gap between the top and bottom countries is massive: a nearly 57-percentage-point difference between Rwanda and Nigeria.

63.8% of Rwanda's parliament are women as of 2024 - highest in the world
  • Rwanda is a global leader in gender-inclusive governance, with nearly two-thirds (63.8%) of its parliament occupied by women.
  • Latin American nations dominate the list, with Cuba (55.7%), Nicaragua (55.0%), and Mexico (50.2%) showing strong female political participation.
  • The UAE stands out as the only Middle Eastern country in the top 10, achieving 50% female representation.
  • Despite being a high-income European nation, Monaco has the lowest representation among the top 10, with women holding only 45.8% of seats.

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