Five of the top tep African countries with the largest gold reserves are North African

Half of the top 10 African countries with significant gold reserves come from North Africa, with Algeria leading with 174 tonnes. Egypt and South Africa come in second and third with 126 tonnes and 125 tonnes, respectively. Algeria, Egypt, South Africa, and Libya hold the most significant gold reserves.

Source:

Trading Economies

Period:

2023
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The CBN raised rates six times in 2024 but has held steady at 27.5% in 2025
  • Over six MPC meetings from February to November 2024, the MPR rose cumulatively by 875 basis points, ending the year at 27.5%.
  • The pace of increases slowed after March: from 200 bps (Feb–Mar) to just 25 bps (Sept–Nov), reflecting a tapering hike strategy.
  • Since November 2024, the CBN has maintained the rate at 27.5% across four consecutive MPC meetings into July 2025.
  • The 2024 cycle was dominated by aggressive rate hikes aimed at stabilising inflation and exchange rate volatility.
  • The CBN’s interest rate strategy appears more restrained in 2025, indicating a possible pause phase in the monetary policy cycle.

Anambra State has tripled its IGR in the last ten years
  • Anambra’s IGR grew sevenfold in 16 years, reaching ₦42 billion in 2024.
  • A ₦26B to ₦42B jump in just six years (2018–2024) indicates accelerating growth.
  • The most dramatic jumps occurred post-2018, pointing to possibly new fiscal reforms or policies.
  • Between 2014 and 2024, revenue grew by over 300%, from ₦10B to ₦42B.

Administrative services surged by 21%, recording the most significant growth in Nigeria's 2024 rebased economy
  • Administrative & support services showed the highest percentage increase at 21.07%.
  • Agriculture is the largest sector by GDP value, at ₦59.31 trillion.
  • Trade is the second largest sector by GDP value, at ₦37.81 trillion.
  • Real estate is the third largest sector by GDP value, at ₦28.96 trillion.
  • Other services experienced negative growth, decreasing by -1.17%.
  • Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply recorded the lowest positive growth at 0.56%.

Nigeria’s foreign trade
  • Total Trade Volume in Q1 2025 stood at ₦36.02 trillion, with exports totalling ₦20.6 trillion and imports at ₦15.4 trillion, resulting in a surplus of ₦5.17 trillion.
  • Crude oil dominates Nigeria’s export trade, accounting for the largest share of export revenue. -
  • Other petroleum oil products are also a major export item, reflecting the significance of both raw and refined oil-based commodities in Nigeria’s trade portfolio. -
  • On the import side, manufactured goods dominate, showing Nigeria’s continued reliance on foreign machinery, technology, and consumer goods.
  • While Nigeria exports mostly raw and oil-based products, it imports refined, processed, or industrial goods, indicating a structural trade gap and limited local industrial capacity. -
  • Agricultural and raw material goods feature on both sides of trade, but their value is significantly less than petroleum-related trade.

Total FAAC revenue shared in Nigeria consistently grew year-on-year from February to June 2025, with increases ranging from 39% to 49%
  • Nigeria’s FAAC revenue increased 49% YoY in March 2025 (₦1.68T vs ₦1.12T in March 2024).
  • February 2025 saw a 48% increase YoY (₦1.70T vs ₦1.15T in February 2024).
  • April 2025 revenue rose by 41% YoY, moving from ₦1.12T in April 2024 to ₦1.58T.
  • January 2025 showed no YoY change, recording ₦1.42T in both 2024 and 2025.
  • The consistent growth in H1 2025 FAAC revenues signals improved government revenue mobilisation, better oil/non-oil collections, and higher capacity for states to meet obligations.

Nigeria experienced substantial year-on-year declines in exchange rate gain revenue from April to June 2025, with decreases of 90%, 81%, and 85% respectively
  • Nigeria’s exchange rate gain revenue dropped by 73.2% in H1 2025 compared to H1 2024.
  • In April 2025, exchange rate gain fell by 90% year-on-year from ₦285.5B to ₦28.7B.
  • May saw an 81% drop, with revenue declining from ₦438.9B in 2024 to ₦81.4B in 2025.
  • January 2025 was the only month with a stable figure, matching January 2024’s ₦402.7B.
  • Exchange rate gain revenue for February and March 2025 was unavailable, likely worsening the total.
  • The first half of 2025 generated only ₦589.4B in FX gains, compared to ₦2.2T in the same period in 2024.

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