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Libya, Nigeria, and Algeria held more than 80% of Africa’s recoverable oil reserves in 2024
  • Libya leads Africa with 48.4 billion barrels of recoverable oil, the continent’s highest.
  • Nigeria ranks second with 37.3 billion barrels, accounting for about 27% of reserves among top holders.
  • Algeria holds 12.2 billion barrels, rounding out the top three and far ahead of other nations.
  • Sudan, Egypt, and Angola each contribute between 2.5 and 5 billion barrels, showing smaller but notable reserves.

South Africa runs Africa’s longest rail network at 20,986km, while Nigeria trails 9th with 3,798km
  • South Africa leads the continent with a vast 20,986km rail network, nearly triple the size of Sudan’s, the second-largest.
  • Nigeria’s rail infrastructure measures 3,798km, ranking it behind Kenya (3,819km) and DR Congo (4,007km).
  • North African countries like Egypt and Algeria maintain significant rail mileage, exceeding 4,000km each.
  • Southern Africa dominates the top five, with Mozambique and Zimbabwe also featuring prominently.

Algeria, Nigeria, Egypt and Libya accounted for 78% of Africa’s 144 active oil rigs in 2024
  • Algeria leads Africa with 41 active oil rigs, making up nearly 29% of the continent's total count.
  • Nigeria follows with 31 rigs, confirming its strong position in West Africa’s upstream oil activity.
  • Egypt ranks third with 23 rigs, while Libya maintains 18 rigs despite its fluctuating political climate.
  • The top seven countries host 122 of Africa’s 144 rigs, showing drilling operations are concentrated in just a handful of nations.

Gabon charges the highest air travel tax in Africa at $298, 229 times more than Libya’s $1.30 fee
  • Gabon imposes Africa’s highest international air travel tax at $297.70, followed closely by Sierra Leone at $294 and Nigeria at $180.
  • Libya charges the lowest air travel tax among the listed African countries at just $1.30, with other low-cost countries including Malawi ($5.00), Lesotho ($5.70), and Algeria ($9.80).
  • All of the 10 most expensive countries charge over $100 in departure taxes, suggesting a trend of high levies among a subset of African nations.
  • The gap between the highest and lowest air travel taxes in Africa exceeds $296, revealing significant disparities in passenger costs across the continent.

Only 4 African countries meet WHO’s recommended nurse-to-population ratio
  • Only four African countries, Seychelles, South Africa, Namibia, and Ghana, meet or exceed the WHO’s recommended minimum of 44.5 nursing and midwifery personnel per 10,000 people.
  • Seychelles leads the continent with 73 personnel per 10,000, followed by South Africa (64), Namibia (54), and Ghana (45).
  • The lowest number within the top 20 is 16, shared by Nigeria, Comoros, and Mauritania.
  • The dataset includes 47 African countries, and no country outside the top 20 has more than 16 nursing and midwifery personnel per 10,000 people.

Africa and Asia dominate global terrorism index as Burkina Faso leads rankings; Nigeria ranks 6th most affected worldwide
  • Burkina Faso tops the 2025 GTI ranking with a score of 8.581, the highest globally.
  • African nations make up 6 of the 10 most terrorism-impacted countries in 2025.
  • Pakistan (8.374) and Syria (8.006) are the top-ranking Asian countries on the list.
  • Nigeria ranks 6th globally with a GTI score of 7.658, just behind Niger (7.776)

Western Africa produces the largest share of cashew nuts in Africa, growing by nearly 2,443% since 1990
Key Takeaways:
  • Africa’s total cashew nut (in shell) production increased from 172,050 tonnes in 1961 to over 2.25 million tonnes in 2023, a growth of approximately 1,209%.
  • Western Africa has been the primary driver of this growth since the 1990s and now produces the largest share of cashew nuts in Africa.
  • Western Africa accounted for 84% of Africa’s total cashew nut production by 2023.
  • Middle Africa has maintained a minimal but consistent level of production.
  • Eastern Africa led production from the 1960s through the 1980s before being overtaken by Western Africa.
  • The most significant growth in Africa’s cashew production began in the 1990s.
  • Despite overall growth, cashew production in Africa has experienced periodic fluctuations.
  • Mostly due to their climate conditions, Southern and Northern Africa regions are less favourable for cashew production than other African regions.

Nigeria holds the third highest interest rate in Africa at 27.5%, as Zimbabwe leads with 35%
  • Zimbabwe has the highest benchmark interest rate in Africa at 35%, exceeding Ghana, the second highest, by 7% points.
  • Nigeria holds the third highest interest rate on the continent at 27.5%, just 0.5% points behind Ghana, signalling aggressive policy intervention.
  • Zimbabwe, Ghana, Nigeria, Malawi, and Egypt have interest rates above 25%, showing a regional pattern of tight monetary conditions.
  • There is a significant drop of over 5% points between Sierra Leone at 24.75% and Angola at 19.5%, marking a clear shift to lower-rate economies below the top tier.

South Africa's wine production peaked at 1.15 million tonnes in 2014, while being Africa’s major wine producer for 48 years
Key Takeaways:
  • South Africa has been the leading wine producer in Africa from 1975 to 2022.
  • Algeria was the top producer from 1961 to 1974 but saw a significant decline in output in later years.
  • South Africa, Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia have been the dominant wine-producing countries in Africa between 1961 and 2022.
  • On average, eight African countries have engaged in wine production annually during this period.
  • Sub-Saharan nations such as Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, and Tanzania have contributed small but steady wine to Africa’s production in recent decades.
  • Egypt has consistently ranked among Africa’s top wine producers, with its highest production recorded in 2008.

The former Sudan led Africa’s sesame seed oil production for 48 years, with the largest volume of 69,300 tonnes produced in 2009
Key Takeaways:
  • The former Sudan was the leading sesame seed oil producer in Africa for 48 years, from 1961 to 2011.
  • Nigeria topped Africa’s production rankings between 2012–2014 and 2016–2018.
  • The Central African Republic led sesame oil production in Africa for five years in a recent period.
  • East African countries, particularly Tanzania and Uganda, have seen significant growth in sesame oil production since the 1990s.
  • Six countries—Former Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Central African Republic—have consistently played leading roles in Africa’s sesame seed oil production from 1961 to 1981 before the inclusion of some other African countries.
  • Following their separation, both Sudan and South Sudan have remained among the top sesame oil producers in Africa.
  • The top producers of sesame seed oil in Africa are mainly from Sub-Sahara African countries.
  • In SSA, sesame is often grown by small-scale farmers for export purposes.

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