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FirstBank and Union Bank have operated in Nigeria for over a 100 years
  • FirstBank and Union Bank have operated in Nigeria for over a century, making them the longest-surviving commercial banks
  • Three of Nigeria’s largest banks today, GTBank, Zenith Bank, and Access Bank, were founded in the late 20th century
  • Citibank is the oldest foreign bank in Nigeria
  • Only five banks have existed in Nigeria for over fifty years

Only 4.4% of surveyed Nigerian crypto holders have over $1,000 as their crypto balance
  • The majority of Nigerian crypto holders (70.6%) have balances below $100
  • Only 4.4% of Nigerians hold over $1,000 in their crypto wallets, indicating low high-value ownership
  • Wallets with balances between $100 and $500 account for 19.4%, showing moderate adoption
  • The data highlights that most Nigerians engage with crypto at a low-value level, possibly due to financial limitations or speculative testing

Number of NGX premium board companies audited by each firm in FY 2023
  • The NGX premium board accommodates an elite list of companies that meet specific requirements
  • Six of the eight companies are audited by EY and KMPG, with each firm auditing three companies
  • PwC audits the remaining two companies on the premium board
  • Deloitte is the only big four firm that does not audit a premium board company

KPMG audits 5 of Nigeria’s 12 listed banking groups
  • Listed banking groups in Nigeria are all audited by the big four
  • KPMG is the top auditor for the industry, auditing five companies
  • Deloitte audits four companies, close behind KPMG
  • EY and PwC audit three of the five tier one banks

Digital payment methods are expected to grow over 100% by 2027, making up a larger share of POS transaction value
  • Digital wallets are the fastest-growing POS payment method in Nigeria, projected to rise from 18% in 2023 to 37% in 2027.
  • Cash transactions, though still dominant, are steadily declining from 55% to 42%, reflecting a gradual shift towards digital payments.
  • Debit card usage is decreasing from 12% to 8%, possibly due to the convenience of digital wallets and A2A transfers.
  • Prepaid and credit cards remain stable, each holding a minor share of Nigeria’s POS transactions.
  • POS financing remains a niche payment method, with no significant growth expected between 2023 and 2027.
  • Nigerian consumers are prioritizing speed, convenience, and security in their transactions, pushing digital payments to the forefront.

The adoption of digital wallets for e-commerce in Nigeria is expected to double by 2027, significantly increasing its market share
  • Digital wallets are the fastest-growing e-commerce payment method in Nigeria, set to double from 11% in 2023 to 22% by 2027.
  • A2A transfers remain the dominant payment method, slightly increasing from 32% to 34%, showing continued reliance on direct bank-to-bank transfers.
  • Cash-on-delivery is becoming less relevant, dropping from 15% in 2023 to just 9% in 2027, signaling a shift away from cash-based transactions.
  • Both debit card and credit card payments are declining, with debit cards dropping from 19% to 16% and credit cards falling from 15% to 12%, suggesting a changing balance in card preferences.
  • Prepaid cards and buy now, pay later (BNPL) solutions remain relatively small players in the Nigerian e-commerce space, with minimal growth.

CBN has adjusted ATM transaction charges five times since 2012
  • Nigeria’s first ATM was deployed in 1990 by Société Générale Bank, marking the start of a new era in banking.
  • Interswitch kicked off interbank transactions in 2003, allowing Nigerians to use ATMs provided by other banks asides their own.
  • The CBN has implemented several policies to regulate ATM deployment, fees, and usage.
  • ATM fees have fluctuated over the years, with a major reduction in 2020 and an increase in 2025.

Nigeria has witnessed a substantial decline in cash transactions, dropping from 91% of total transactions to 55% over the span of four years
  • Among all the 40 countries studied in the report, Nigeria leads the decline in cash transactions, dropping from 91% in 2019 to 55% in 2023, a sharper decline than any other country analysed.
  • By 2027, Nigeria’s cash transactions are projected to fall to 42%.
  • Mexico, Thailand, and Japan are also experiencing significant declines, with cash transactions expected to drop below 35% in all three countries by 2027.
  • Brazil, which started with a relatively lower cash transaction rate (48% in 2019), is on track to become one of the least cash-dependent nations in this group, with just 12% of transactions expected to be cash-based by 2027.
  • The global average for cash transactions was already low at 26% in 2019, and it is set to decline further to just 11% by 2027, making cash an increasingly rare payment method worldwide.
  • Germany, a traditionally cash-friendly economy, has seen a major drop, with cash transactions decreasing from 50% in 2019 to a projected 29% by 2027, reflecting broader changes in consumer behavior.

Volatility and risks are the most prominent concerns about crypto among Nigerians
  • Volatility and risks are the biggest concerns for Nigerians engaging with cryptocurrency, making up 35.7%.
  • Lack of knowledge accounts for 17.5%, highlighting a gap in crypto education and awareness.
  • Difficulty in using apps is the least pressing concern at 6.4%, suggesting that accessibility is not a major barrier.
  • Addressing volatility fears, improving security measures, and expanding financial education could boost confidence in crypto adoption.

The international licence has the biggest change in capital requirement
  • Nigeria's Central Bank has adjusted the minimum capital requirement for commercial banks three times in two decades.
  • The newest capital requirements will see an over 300% increase in capital requirement across all commercial banking licences.
  • Banks with international licences will see the biggest jump in capital requirement, needing 900% more capital under the new rules.
  • Banks have undertaken rights issuance, public offers and private placements to meet the 2026 deadline.

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