Nigeria’s renewable energy capacity held steady at 2.1–2.3 GW from 2015 to 2021, then surged from 2022 onward

  • Nigeria’s renewable energy capacity grew from 2.1 GW in 2015 to 3.7 GW in 2024.
  • This represents a 76% increase over the decade.
  • The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) was 5.7% between 2015 and 2024.
  • From 2015 to 2020, capacity was stagnant at around 2.2 GW.
  • The biggest growth year was 2022, with a sharp 34.9% increase.
  • Capacity stagnated in 2023 at 3.1 GW before climbing again in 2024.
  • Nigeria’s renewable growth remains modest compared to its population size and energy demand.

Nigeria’s renewable energy capacity has grown significantly over the past decade, expanding from 2.1 GW in 2015 to 3.7 GW in 2024. This marks a 76% increase, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.7%. While the progress shows that Nigeria is making strides in diversifying its energy mix, the growth has been relatively modest compared to its vast population and energy demand, underlining the need for accelerated investments in renewables.

The journey of Nigeria’s renewable energy mirrors the experience of many households or businesses that delay switching to solar or other clean energy solutions until rising electricity costs or supply challenges force a change. Much like that gradual transition, Nigeria’s renewable capacity stayed almost flat between 2015 and 2020, before a sharp leap occurred in 2022. This turning point demonstrates that while change may be slow, once it begins, momentum can quickly follow.

Source:

IRENA

Period:

2015-2024
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Africa’s renewable capacity has more than doubled since 2016, but its share of global capacity remains below 2%
  • About 600 million Africans still lack access to electricity.
  • Africa has 20% of the world's population but receives less than 3% of global energy investment.
  • South Africa added the most renewable capacity from 2016–2025, followed by Ethiopia, Egypt, Morocco and Tanzania.
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Electricity generation in Africa: fossil still leads 2.5-to-1, but the gap is closing
  • Fossil fuels still generate 2.5x more electricity than non-fossil sources, though the gap has narrowed from a 2007 peak of 4.5x.
  • South Africa and Egypt together account for all of Africa's nuclear power and 59% of its non-hydro renewables.
  • Hydropower, the largest non-fossil source at 188.6 TWh, tells a different geographic story, with 91% generated outside South Africa and Egypt, mainly in Eastern, Middle, and Western Africa.
  • Gas still leads at 403.9 TWh, but its growth slowed to 0.8% in 2025 versus 11.9% growth for non-fossil sources.

Non-fossil generation overtook coal in 2023, and the gap has widened every year since
  • Non-fossil generation overtook coal in 2023, with the gap reaching 57.5 TWh in 2025.
  • Coal generation fell to 225.3 TWh, below its 262.6 TWh peak in 2007.
  • Hydropower dominates non-fossil generation, producing 188.6 TWh in 2025.
  • Fossil fuels still dominate, generating 703.2 TWh versus 282.8 TWh from non-fossil sources.

Egypt overtook South Africa's electricity generation in 2024 and extended its lead in 2025
  • Africa’s share of global electricity generation rose only from 2.6% in 1985 to 3.1% in 2025.
  • Africa’s electricity generation increased 283% over the past 40 years.
  • Egypt overtook South Africa as Africa’s largest electricity producer in 2024.
  • Egypt generated 242.4 TWh in 2025, up from 30.3 TWh in 1985.
  • South Africa generated 231.1 TWh in 2025, down from its 263.5 TWh peak in 2007.
  • Egypt and South Africa accounted for 24.5% of Africa’s electricity generation in 2025.

Nigeria retained Africa’s third-highest refinery throughput as output reached a record high in 2025
  • Nigeria recorded its highest refinery throughput since 1990 at 360,000 b/d.
  • Throughput increased by 50.6% from 239,000 b/d in 2024.
  • The 2025 level was more than 20 times the 17,600 b/d recorded in 2023.
  • Nigeria remained Africa’s third-highest, behind Algeria and Egypt.
  • Dangote’s contribution is not reported separately.

East African countries accounted for seven of the continent's 15 biggest electricity access gains in 23 years
  • Eswatini recorded Africa’s largest electricity access gain, rising by 66 percentage points from 2000 to 2023.
  • Kenya and Rwanda followed with gains of 61 pp and 58 pp, respectively.
  • East African countries accounted for 7 of Africa’s top 15 electricity access improvements.
  • Comoros, Ghana and Cape Verde reached very high access levels by 2023, at 90%, 90% and 99% respectively.
  • Nigeria’s electricity access improved by 18 percentage points, from 43% in 2000 to 61% in 2023.
  • Despite that improvement, Nigeria remained outside Africa’s top 15 gainers over the period.
  • Some countries were absent from the ranking because they had already reached high access levels by 2000.

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