For every $1 Nigeria earned from exporting digital services between 2005 and 2024, it spent almost $10 on imports

  • Nigeria exported $10.81 billion in digital services between 2005 and 2024.
  • Imports during the same period reached $105.34 billion.
  • The result was a trade deficit of $94.53 billion over 20 years.
  • Exports rose from just $40 million in 2005 to $1.55 billion in 2024.
  • Imports were almost ten times larger than exports, showing a persistent imbalance.

Nigeria is heavily dependent on foreign digital services and has not yet built a strong export base to compete in the global digital economy.From 2005 to 2024, Nigeria exported $10.81 billion in digital services but imported $105.34 billion, resulting in a massive trade deficit of $94.53 billion. Exports grew gradually from $40 million in 2005 to $1.55 billion in 2024, yet imports consistently outweighed them, peaking at $12.36 billion in 2019.

The widening gap reflects Nigeria's limited ability to capture value from the global digital economy.

Source:

World Trade Organization (WTO)

Period:

1970-2023
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The U.S. consistently leads Nigeria’s imports from the Americas, accounting for 57–73% in 13 years
  • The U.S. consistently leads Nigeria’s imports from the Americas, accounting for 57–73% between 2013 and 2025.
  • Brazil ranks second, with shares ranging between 11% and 24%, highlighting its steady trade ties with Nigeria.
  • During the period, the combined share of the U.S. and Brazil never fell below 76%, even at its lowest point in 2022.
  • Total imports from the Americas surged from ₦0.9 trillion in 2013 to a peak of ₦6.3 trillion in 2024.
  • Canada’s import share peaked at 16.4% in 2022, showing a rare moment of diversification.

Nigeria's H1 trade: Imports from ECOWAS countries rose from 12% in H1 2021 to a peak of nearly 40% in H1 2024
  • Imports from ECOWAS countries peaked at 39.9% in H1 2024, up from just 12.0% in H1 2021.
  • The share declined to 32.4% in H1 2025, showing a reversal after the 2024 peak.
  • Total import values grew sharply, from ₦209.6B in H1 2020 to ₦1.8T in H1 2025.
  • In H1 2019, ECOWAS already had a decent share of 19.6%, showing long-standing but fluctuating trade ties.

The ECOWAS share of Nigerian exports to African countries nearly doubled, from 34.2% to 62.1%
  • ECOWAS’ share of Nigerian exports rose from 34.2% in H1 2019 to 62.1% in H1 2025.
  • The most significant share came in H1 2022, when ECOWAS accounted for 75.8% of exports.
  • Exports to other African countries dropped significantly in 2022, to just 24.2%.
  • Nigeria’s total exports to Africa grew from ₦0.9T in H1 2022 to ₦4.8T in H1 2025.
  • ECOWAS consistently maintained a majority share from H1 2022 onwards, with a share above 60%.

Nigeria’s exports remain oil-dominated, but non-oil exports are steadily rising—reaching up to 18% in early 2025
  • Oil exports continued to dominate, averaging over 88% of total exports in 2024 and remaining above 81% in the first half of 2025.
  • Non-oil exports rose gradually, from a low of 6.9% (February 2024) to a high of 18.1% (January 2025).
  • Peaks in non-oil export contributions occurred in July 2024 (16.4%) and January–April 2025 (13–18%), indicating progress toward diversification.
  • Total exports remained heavily oil-driven, though sustained double-digit non-oil shares in late 2024 and early 2025 show a slow shift.

After a decline from 13.1% in 2019, the non-oil export share grew by 5.6 percentage points, from 8.7% (2023) to 14.3% (2025)
  • Non-oil exports rose to 14.3% of total exports in 2025, up from 8.7% in 2023.
  • Oil exports still represent 85.7% of total exports in 2025.
  • The non-oil share reached 13.1% in 2019 before dipping and rebounding by 2025.
  • Nigeria’s total exports expanded from ₦9.6 trillion in 2015 to ₦43.3 trillion in H1 2025, showing strong value growth.
  • The lowest non-oil share in the decade occurred in 2016 (4%), reflecting heavy oil dependence.

Flutterwave’s UK arm quadruples turnover since 2021, hitting £6.6 million in 2024
  • Flutterwave UK’s turnover rose from £0.93M in 2021 to £6.61M in 2024, showing consistent expansion.
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  • The UK unit’s performance is now tied to Flutterwave’s global surge, with over $31 billion in payments processed in 2024.
  • The focus is shifting from rapid scaling to sustainable growth, compliance, and strengthening cross-border infrastructure.

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