Economy - Page 3 - Intelpoint

Enugu State holds the highest domestic debt in the South-East at ₦180.5 billion.
Imo ranks second with ₦97.9 billion, about 54% lower than Enugu’s figure.
At ₦15.8 billion, Ebonyi remains the least indebted in the region, maintaining a conservative borrowing stance.
Combined, the five South-East states (Enugu, Imo, Abia, Anambra, and Ebonyi) owe roughly ₦371 billion domestically as of Q2 2025.

Bayelsa holds the lowest debt with ₦65.9 billion.
Rivers’ ₦364.4 billion domestic debt is almost six times Bayelsa’s total, highlighting major fiscal disparities.
Delta (₦204.7 billion) and Cross River (₦147.3 billion) remain among the region’s more indebted states
Regional debt approaches ₦1 trillion: The six South-South states collectively hold an estimated ₦968 billion in domestic debt as of Q2 2025.

The seven North-Western states collectively owed about ₦223.4 billion in domestic debt as of Q2 2025, according to DMO data.
Kano State ranked highest with ₦56.9 billion, accounting for roughly 25% of the zone’s total debt.
Jigawa remains the least indebted in the region and in the entire country, with only ₦852 million.
Moderate debt spread: While Kano, Zamfara, and Sokoto carried the largest debt loads, the remaining states maintained relatively conservative borrowing patterns.

The six North Central states collectively hold ₦449.4 billion in domestic debt as of Q2 2025, according to DMO data.
Kogi and Nasarawa lead in fiscal control with ₦18.8 billion and ₦23.9 billion, respectively
Both states record the lowest debt profiles in the region. Niger State’s ₦141.5 billion debt makes it the region’s most indebted, accounting for nearly one-third of the total.
The debt gap between Kogi (lowest) and Niger (highest) stands at over ₦123 billion, highlighting stark differences in fiscal management and borrowing capacity across the zone.

Lagos dominates regional debt with a domestic debt stock of ₦1.04 trillion, over 70% of the South-West’s total subnational debt.
Lagos’s debt is six times larger than that of Ogun (₦162.9 billion), the region’s next most indebted state.
At ₦10.6 billion, Ondo maintains the lowest domestic debt profile in the region, reflecting relatively modest borrowing.
The combined domestic debt of the six South-West states (Lagos, Ogun, Oyo, Osun, Ekiti, and Ondo) stood at ₦1.43 trillion as of Q2 2025.

Nigeria’s public debt rose to $99.7 billion, up from $91.3 billion in June 2024, marking a return to growth after a dollar-value decline in 2024.
The debt in local currency climbed to ₦152.4 trillion, reflecting both borrowing and continued naira depreciation.
The increase underscores ongoing domestic financing challenges and vulnerability to exchange-rate fluctuations.
The growth in dollar terms points to renewed external borrowing as the government manages debt obligations post-2024 volatility.

Debt service costs in South Africa overtook government health spending in 2020/21.
In South Africa's 2025 budget, debt service costs stand at R426.3B, compared to R296.1B for health.
Debt service costs grew at 11.3% CAGR (2017–2025), more than double the 5.0% CAGR of government health expenditure.
The gap between debt and health spending widened sharply after 2020/21, with debt consistently pulling ahead.

Nigeria spent $57.67B on external debt interest from 1970 to 2023.
Payments were low initially but rose steadily as borrowing increased.
In the 1990s, interest payments fluctuated due to debt rescheduling and restructuring agreements.
In 2005, payments jumped to $5.31B following a strategic debt buyback that accelerated obligations.
Annual payments climbed 1,139.6%, from $0.31B to $3.79B, showing rising debt service costs.

Angola and Ethiopia account for the highest debt service-to-GDP ratios in Africa, both exceeding 67%.
East Africa dominates the high debt-servicing bracket, with five countries among the top ten most burdened.
Algeria has the lowest debt service-to-GDP ratio on the continent at just 0.10%.
There’s a wide gap between the top and bottom debt service burdens, reflecting divergent fiscal paths across Africa.
Low debt servicing doesn’t automatically mean economic strength—it may reflect limited borrowing capacity.

Algeria’s debt service per GDP dropped from 0.77% in 2009 to a projected 0.09% in 2025.
The country’s debt service per GDP declined at a -11.9% CAGR from 2009–2025.
A high of 0.73% occurred in 2012 before the consistent decline resumed.
By 2015, the country's debt service fell to 0.27%, showing progress in reduction.
The lowest point is forecast for 2025, at 0.09% of GDP.
Algeria’s debt burden is among the lowest in Africa, contrasting with the rising trend in many other nations.
This low debt service level allows for greater fiscal flexibility in public spending and investment.

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