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Nigeria’s foreign trade
  • Total Trade Volume in Q1 2025 stood at ₦36.02 trillion, with exports totalling ₦20.6 trillion and imports at ₦15.4 trillion, resulting in a surplus of ₦5.17 trillion.
  • Crude oil dominates Nigeria’s export trade, accounting for the largest share of export revenue. -
  • Other petroleum oil products are also a major export item, reflecting the significance of both raw and refined oil-based commodities in Nigeria’s trade portfolio. -
  • On the import side, manufactured goods dominate, showing Nigeria’s continued reliance on foreign machinery, technology, and consumer goods.
  • While Nigeria exports mostly raw and oil-based products, it imports refined, processed, or industrial goods, indicating a structural trade gap and limited local industrial capacity. -
  • Agricultural and raw material goods feature on both sides of trade, but their value is significantly less than petroleum-related trade.

Nigeria's foreign trade
  • India is Nigeria’s largest export destination Nigeria exported ₦2.84 trillion worth of goods to India in Q1 2025, driven largely by crude oil.
  • China dominates imports into Nigeria China supplied ₦4.66 trillion worth of goods, far outpacing all other countries. Likely dominated by electronics, machinery, and manufactured goods.
  • The United States appears on both sides. Nigeria exports ₦1.54 trillion to the US and imports ₦1.42 trillion, showing a relatively balanced trade relationship.
  • European countries are major export Partners Netherlands (₦2.30T), France (₦1.44T), and Spain (₦1.44T) are prominent export destinations, indicating strong demand for Nigerian crude oil and other commodities in Europe.
  • UAE barely makes the import list. The UAE closes out the top import list at ₦0.61 trillion, showing relatively lower trade volume compared to others, but still significant enough to be in the top 5.

Guinea-Bissau had the highest agricultural contribution to its GDP among African countries in 2024, at 36.8%
  • Guinea-Bissau showed the highest agricultural contribution to its GDP at 36.8% in 2024.
  • Contributions range widely, with high reliance seen in Comoros (36.6%) and Ethiopia (34.9%), contrasting with lower percentages in DR Congo (17.1%) and Angola (16.4%).
  • Agriculture, forestry, and fishing contributed a notable 20.4% to Nigeria's GDP in 2024.
  • Countries with high agricultural GDP contributions are predominantly located in West and East Africa.

Nigeria has produced over 1.39 billion tonnes of yam since 1961, over 64% of global production
  • Nigeria is the world’s top yam producer since the 1980s.
  • West Africa supplies over 95% of global yam output.
  • Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire have grown steadily in the rankings.
  • Non-African countries play a very small role today.
  • Nigeria exports very little yam despite massive production.

India leads global banana production with 36.6M tonnes in 2024 as Nigeria ranks 4th among top producers with 7.3M tonnes
  • India dominates global banana output with 36.6 million tonnes, accounting for over a third of total production among the top 10 countries.
  • China (11.7M) and Indonesia (9.34M) round out the top three, contributing significantly to Asia’s dominance in banana farming.
  • Nigeria ranks 4th globally, producing 7.3 million tonnes, slightly ahead of Ecuador and Brazil.
  • Africa is well represented, with Nigeria, Angola, and Tanzania collectively contributing 15.86 million tonnes, or about 16% of the top 10 output.

China dominated Nigeria’s generator market in 2024, supplying nearly 70% of imports
  • Nigeria imported $281 million worth of generator sets in 2024.
  • China remained the dominant supplier, accounting for $195 million, or nearly 70% of total imports.
  • Other top suppliers included India ($20.6M), Germany ($15.4M), and South Korea ($16.5M).
  • Compared to 2023, imports from China dipped slightly (from $202M to $195M), and other countries like Germany and India also saw declines.
  • The data captures a wide range of generator types — petrol, diesel, wind-powered, and rotary converters — under HS Code 8502.
  • Mirror data reflects only officially reported trade and excludes informal or undocumented imports.

Air Peace leads Nigeria’s airline fleet with 37 aircraft, more than double any other operator
  • Air Peace operates the largest fleet with 37 aircraft, combining its mainline and subsidiary, Air Peace Hopper.
  • Arik Air and Max Air follow distantly with 14 and 10 aircraft respectively, less than half of Air Peace’s combined fleet.
  • Only 5 airlines operate fleets of 8 or more aircraft, highlighting a significant concentration of operational strength at the top.
  • Over one-third of the listed airlines (7 out of 20) operate with fleets of just 4 aircraft or fewer.

Nigeria maintained its trade surplus streak in Q1 2025, with ₦5.17 trillion
  • Total trade rose from ₦12.7 trillion (Q2 2023) to over ₦36 trillion (Q1 2025).
  • Exports grew from ₦6.4 trillion (Q2 2023) to ₦20.6 trillion (Q1 2025).
  • Sustained trade surpluses started from Q2 2023, peaking at ₦5.2 trillion in Q1 2025.
  • Imports also rose from ₦6.3 trillion (Q2 2023) to ₦15.4 trillion (Q1 2025), but slower than exports.
  • Pre-2023 was deficit-heavy: Most quarters from 2020–2022 recorded trade deficits or very small surpluses.
  • Q1 2021 had the worst deficit: -₦1.89 trillion, driven by high imports and weak exports.
  • Naira devaluation is the turning point: Starting around Q2 2023, it inflated export values in naira terms.
  • Export growth may not reflect volume; gains are likely due to FX effects, not necessarily more goods shipped.

Out of 30 African countries ranked, South Africa topped logistics performance in 2023 with a score of 3.7 out of 5
  • South Africa ranked highest in Africa; it’s easy to move goods in and out.
  • It beat others on customs speed, delivery time, and tracking.
  • Nigeria, Ghana, and DR Congo scored low. Goods faced more delays and hassles.
  • Countries with high scores attract more trade and business.
  • A low score means slower shipments, higher costs, and weaker logistics.

Despite volatility, Nigeria's kola nut production reached 188,700 tonnes in 2023, a 117.7% increase from the 1994-2006 average
Key Takeaways:
  • In 2023, Nigeria's kola nut production reached a peak of 188,703.54 tonnes.
  • Following a decline in production from 1994 to 2006, production rose dramatically from 2007 onwards.
  • Between 1997 and 2001, production was lowest, at only 82,000 tonnes.
  • The 2010s saw steady growth, fuelled by increased agricultural investment and possibly rising domestic or export demand.
  • The average production from 1994 to 2006 was 86,698.12 tonnes.

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