Nigeria's Peace Index scores have worsened since 2008, reaching the highest to date in 2015

  • Nigeria has consistently ranked among the least peaceful countries, with scores remaining in the lower band from 2008 to 2025.
  • Peacefulness worsened sharply between 2013 and 2015, marking one of Nigeria’s most unstable periods.
  • A mild improvement occurred between 2017 and 2022, although overall peacefulness remained low.
  • Nigeria’s score deteriorated again in 2025, rising from 2.77 to 2.87 and reversing recent stability.

Investors increasingly factor stability and security risks into their decisions, and the 2025 Global Peace Index reinforces this.

The report shows another decline in global peacefulness, with rising conflicts and higher militarisation across many regions. Nigeria’s peace score also worsened from 2.77 in 2024 to 2.87 in 2025, reflecting ongoing security pressures that influence economic conditions and investor confidence.

Source:

Vision of Humanity

Period:

2025
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Protest activity in Nigeria increased significantly during Goodluck Jonathan's tenure, growing from 53 in 2011 to 696 in 2015
  • Nigeria recorded 971 protests and violent demonstrations in 2024.
  • Protest numbers have grown 50-fold since 2000, signalling a consistent rise in public mobilisation.
  • The most significant surge occurred between 2011 and 2015, under Goodluck Jonathan’s administration.
  • Muhammadu Buhari’s tenure saw the highest number of recorded protests — peaking at 1,008 in 2020.
  • Despite a change in leadership, protest activity remains elevated under Bola Tinubu.
The number of protests in Kenya skyrocketed to a record 2,008 events in 2024, marking a seven-fold increase from the 2022 total of 239
  • Kenya recorded 2,008 protests in 2024, the highest in its modern history.
  • The number of protest events increased seven-fold between 2022 and 2024.
  • Social media has become a major mobilisation tool for civic expression.
  • Rising cost of living, taxation, and unemployment remain the top drivers of unrest.
North African countries led in protests in Africa, topped by Morocco, which recorded 3,654 protests in 2024
  • Africa recorded 12,581 protests and violent demonstrations in 2024.
  • Morocco led the continent with 3,654 protests, far ahead of others.
  • Kenya ranked second with 2,008 protests.
  • South Africa (1,715) and Nigeria (971) followed, driven by economic and political frustrations.
  • North African countries, such as Morocco, Tunisia, and Libya, accounted for a significant share of protests.
  • The bottom 10 countries, including Lesotho, Gambia, and Seychelles, recorded fewer than 10 protests each.
  • Djibouti and Eritrea reported zero protests.
India leads the world in protest events with 22.1K, while Morocco leads in Africa, making it into the top 15 globally
  • India recorded the highest number of protests and demonstration events globally in 2024 (22.1K).
  • The United States followed with 10.5K protest events.
  • Yemen (8.2K) ranked third, reflecting the instability and ongoing conflict-driven unrest.
  • Pakistan (7.3K) and France (6.9K) rounded out the top five, underscoring the diverse sources of civic agitation.
  • Morocco (3.7K) was Africa’s leading country for protest activity, placing 12th globally.
  • The global total of protest and violent demonstration events reached 153,573 in 2024.
Mauritius is the most peaceful African country among 47 countries ranked in 2025, with a score of 1.586
  • Mauritius leads Africa’s Peace Index with the lowest (best) score of 1.586, showing its stability and strong governance.
  • Southern Africa is well represented in the rankings with Mauritius, Botswana, Namibia, Madagascar, and Zambia in the top 10.
  • West Africa also performs strongly, represented by The Gambia, Sierra Leone, Ghana, Senegal, and Liberia.
  • The scores are tightly clustered (1.586–1.939), showing that Africa’s most peaceful states are relatively close in performance despite regional differences.
Military and internal security spending makes up to about 74% of the total economic impact of violence
  • The world spent $19.1 trillion on violence in 2023, accounting for 13.5% of global GDP.
  • Military and internal security spending make up 74% of this cost.
  • Homicides alone cost the global economy $1.34 trillion, highlighting the economic toll of crime beyond loss of life.
  • Private security is now a $1.15 trillion industry, as businesses and individuals invest heavily in safety.
  • Violent crime resulted in $760 billion in economic losses, affecting productivity, businesses, and legal systems worldwide.
  • Spending on security competes with development needs, diverting resources from education, healthcare, and infrastructure.
  • The cost per person globally is $2,380, illustrating how violence impacts individuals, not just governments or corporations.
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