MTN is the only GSM operator that has aggressively deployed submarine fibre optics in Nigeria, increasing by over 16,000 km in 4 years

Key takeaways

  • MTN dominates submarine fibre optic deployment among GSM operators in Nigeria, increasing its network from 1,500 km in 2018 to 17,984 km in 2022
  • Glo had the earliest and largest submarine fibre deployment, peaking at 19,200 km in 2012, but later scaled down to 9,800 km from 2014 onwards
  • Airtel has not invested in submarine fibre, with its network remaining below 25 km throughout the period
  • 9mobile has not deployed any submarine fibre cable since 2012

Submarine fibre optic deployment in Nigeria has been driven primarily by MTN and Glo, with MTN aggressively expanding its network in recent years. Glo initially led the market, but after peaking at 19,200 km in 2012, it significantly reduced its submarine fibre infrastructure to 9,800 km, where it has remained stable since 2014.
MTN, on the other hand, only started expanding in 2018 but rapidly scaled up to 17,984 km by 2022, making it the biggest recent investor in submarine fibre infrastructure. Airtel has largely stayed out of this segment, maintaining a negligible presence.

Source:

Nigerian Communications Commission

Period:

2012-2022
HTML code to embed chart
Want a bespoke report?
Reach out
Tags
Related Insights

Card channels were the most susceptible to fraud in Nigerian banks in Q1 2025, with $14.3 billion involved
  • Cards were the most involved in fraud, with ₦14.3 billion representing the most significant exposure among all transaction channels
  • Card transactions also had the highest number of cases (11,972), indicating widespread and frequent attacks
  • Actual losses on cards were 11.5% (₦1.6 billion) of the amount involved, showing that significant financial damage still occurs despite preventive systems
  • Cash fraud accounted for ₦6.8 bn in exposure, nearly half of the card channel’s total
  • Cash also recorded 12.3% (₦800 million) in actual losses
  • Cheques had the lowest fraud involvement (₦1.2 billion) and only 46 cases, but the highest actual loss rate (72.7%)

T2 finally gains traction (+677.2k) after years of subscriber decline
  • T2’s subscriber base dropped by over ten million between Oct 2023 and May 2025.
  • The lowest point came in June 2025 with just 2.44 million active users.
  • From that low, subscriptions climbed to 3.11 million by September 2025.
  • The recent 677.2k gain marks the brand’s first positive momentum in years.
  • Despite the rebound, T2’s subscriber base remains less than a quarter of its 2023 size.

Africa's cybersecurity score grew from 21 in 2017 to 57 in 2024, a 171% increase
  • Africa’s cybersecurity score increased by 171% between 2017 and 2024.
  • The continent’s score rose from 21 in 2017 to 57 in 2024
  • Africa has reduced the gap with global averages, reducing the difference from 15 points in 2017 to 9 points in 2024.
  • The global cybersecurity score rose from 36 in 2017 to 66 in 2024.
  • Africa’s most notable leap was between 2021 (35) and 2024 (57), showing accelerated progress in recent years.

South Africa leads Africa in internet speed at 42.4 Mbps
  • South Africa sets the benchmark with the fastest average download speed (42.42 Mbps), more than double Morocco’s (19.61 Mbps).
  • Southern African countries dominate the top half of the ranking, with South Africa, Eswatini, Botswana, Lesotho, and Madagascar all featuring strongly.
  • Rwanda and Mauritius show East Africa’s progress, with average speeds above 30 Mbps, signalling solid digital infrastructure growth.
  • Wide disparities persist, with the gap between the highest (South Africa) and lowest (Morocco) averaging over 22 Mbps.

Sudan recorded the least average internet speed in 2024 at just 4.02 Mbps
  • Sudan sits at the bottom with an average speed of 4.02 mbps, far below the continental average.
  • The Central African Republic follows closely at 4.08 mbps, making Central Africa a weak spot for digital connectivity.
  • Somalia, despite topping the list, averaged only 6.64 mbps, showing even the “fastest among the slowest” remains well behind global standards.
  • The concentration of slow speeds in East and Central Africa points to persistent infrastructure and investment gaps.

Fibre cuts caused 52% of mobile network outages in Nigeria between April and July 2025
  • Fibre cuts were responsible for 51.7% of mobile network disruptions between April and July 2025.
  • Power outages followed at 28.1%, making infrastructure issues the dominant cause overall.
  • Together, fibre cuts and power outages accounted for nearly 80% of service disruptions.
  • The “Others” category, which includes congestion, equipment theft, and natural disasters, accounted for 13.9% of disruptions.
  • Infrastructure and environmental factors remain the leading threats to mobile network reliability.

POPULAR TOPICS
SIGN UP TO OUR NEWSLETTER
Get periodic updates about the African startup space, access to our reports, among others.
Subscribe Here
Subscription Form

A product of Techpoint Africa. All rights reserved