Africa stands out as the world’s youngest continent, with a median age of just 19.3 years, while Europe sits at the opposite end with the oldest population, at nearly 43 years. This wide contrast highlights the global demographic divide, with Africa driving youth-led growth and Europe facing the realities of ageing populations. The difference of more than two decades in median age between these regions is shaping how societies evolve, from labour markets to healthcare systems.
Africa’s youthful population means that nearly half of its people are under 20 years old. This creates immense opportunities for innovation, workforce expansion, and consumer market growth if the right investments are made in education and job creation. On the flip side, it also poses challenges in ensuring adequate infrastructure, employment, and social support for such a fast-growing young population. Meanwhile, regions like Europe grapple with increasing dependency ratios, where fewer working-age people support larger elderly populations.
