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By 2054, India is projected to remain the world’s most populous country, growing by 17.1% from 2024 to reach 1.69 billion people

Key Takeaways:

India is projected to remain the world’s most populous country in 2054, reaching 1.69 billion, an increase of 246 million from 2024.
China’s population is expected to decline to 1.22 billion by 2054, marking a 14.1% decrease.
Nigeria is projected to rise to 5th place globally, with a population of 374 million, a 62% increase from 2024.
The United States remains the only high-income country in the top five, with a projected population of 384 million.
Pakistan is expected to climb from 5th to 3rd place, adding 138 million people by 2054.
Three African countries (Nigeria, Ethiopia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo) are expected to rank among the top 10 most populous nations.
Russia is projected to see a population decline of 6.9%.

By 2100, seven African nations are expected to rank among the world’s 15 most populous countries, with Nigeria’s population projected to more than double

Key Takeaways:

India is projected to remain the world’s most populous country in 2100, with 1.5 billion people, a 4.5% increase from 2024.
China’s population is expected to fall sharply by 55.1% to 638.7 million, less than half of its 2024 population.
Pakistan's population is expected to nearly double by 2100.
Nigeria is projected to become the world’s fourth most populous country by 2100, with a population of more than 470 million.
Seven of the 15 most populous countries in 2100 are expected to be in Africa.
The United States is projected to rank sixth globally by 2100 from its current third position, despite a 22.2% expected population increase from 2024.
Together, the top 15 countries are expected to account for 57.9% of the global population by 2100.
The total world population is projected to reach 10.19 billion by the end of the century.

As of March 31, 2025, the top five countries accounted for 57% of total IMF credit outstanding

Key Takeaways:

Argentina tops the list with SDR 31.1 billion in outstanding IMF credit.
The top three borrowers, Argentina, Ukraine, and Egypt, together hold over 45% of total IMF credit.
All 15 countries on the list have outstanding credit of at least SDR 1.4 billion.
African nations such as Kenya, Angola, Ghana, and Ethiopia rank among the top 15 IMF debtors.
The top 10 countries alone account for more than two-thirds of the IMF’s total outstanding credit.

India has been the World Bank's top debtor since 1970, owing $38.3 billion as of 2022

India has been the World Bank's largest debtor for over 50 years, with a debt of $38.3 billion as of 2022. Five Asian nations — India, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and China — owe a combined $111.2 billion, or 27% of the World Bank’s total debt. Nigeria, Africa's largest World Bank debtor, ranks 10th, with nearly #14 billion in debt.

India, China, and Nigeria accounted for 30% of global daily births in 2023

In 2023, an estimated 132.1 million newborns were welcomed worldwide, averaging 361.9 thousand births per day. India, China, and Nigeria accounted for nearly 30% of daily births; India had the highest contribution with 63,600.

Nigeria accounted for 2% of the global labour force

As of 2023, the global labour force has expanded to an estimated 3.63 billion, driven by population booms in key regions. China and India lead with a combined 1.37 billion people 15+ active in the workforce. Nigeria ranks 7th with 76 million, following the US, Indonesia, Brazil, and Pakistan.

The UK has received over one million cumulative asylum applications worldwide since 2001

The cumulative number of asylum applications to the UK has exceeded one million, with Iran, Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, and Albania being major contributors. African countries such as Eritrea, Somalia, Zimbabwe, the DR Congo, and Nigeria have also been in the top ten. These are the top ten nationalities in the past 23 years.

The UK has approved 6.4 million study visas to foreign nationals between 2005 and 2023

Since 2005, nationals from China, India, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Pakistan, and Nigeria have ranked among the top three recipients of UK study visas. China led the list from 2010 to 2020. In 19 years, over 1.46 million Chinese nationals (22.9% of the total) received study visas. India followed with 926.9k and Nigeria — which first entered the top three in 2020 — with 436.9k.

As of June 26, 2024, 95 countries owed the IMF $111.6 billion

Argentina, Egypt, and Ukraine were the IMF’s top three debtors as of June 26, 2024, accounting for $51 billion (46%) of the total debt. Egypt, Angola, and Kenya occupy the top three spots in Africa on the IMF’s debtors’ list. As of December 2023, Kenya's public debt stood at Ksh11.14 trillion (approximately $76.8 billion). By June 2024, its debt to the IMF had increased by 245% from $744 million in August 2020. This increase has coincided with protests in Kenya, where citizens opposed a proposed finance bill aiming to raise additional taxes to reduce the budget deficit and state borrowing.

Nearly 11 in 50 health and care work visas issued by the UK in 2023 went to Nigerians

In 2023, the UK issued nearly 350k skilled health and care visas, representing 57% of the total work visas (616k) issued, with Indian and Nigerian nationals receiving a combined 50% of the visas issued. Nigeria received 82.8k, approximately 13% of the total work visas issued.

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