Lagos’ population has grown by about 25% on average every 5 years since 1965

  • Lagos has grown from 325,200 in 1950 to a an estimated 17.2 million in 2025
  • The State’s fastest 5-year growth came between 1955–1960 at 62.7%.
  • Since 2000, growth has steadied around 18–20% every 5 years.
  • More than 10 million people added between 2000 and 2025 alone.
  • Growth continues to outstrip investments in housing, transport, and basic services.

Lagos is swelling with people. Not slowly, but in massive, relentless waves. From just over 300,000 in 1950 to an estimated 17.2 million residents by 2025, the city is projected to add over 7 million more people by 2035, reaching 24.4 million. As the population climbs, Lagos faces a crucial test: can housing, roads, water, and power networks stretch fast enough to meet the rising tide of demand?

Source:

Internet Geography

Period:

1950-2035
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Africa’s under-15 population: 16 of every 100 people aged 0–14 across 54 African countries lived in Nigeria in 2025
  • Nigeria had 96.25 million children aged 0–14 in 2025, the largest child population in Africa.
  • 16% of Africa’s children lived in Nigeria, or roughly 1 in every 6.
  • Ethiopia and DR Congo followed with 52.54 million and 51.85 million children respectively.
  • Africa’s 10 largest child populations accounted for 60.9% of the continent’s 600.17 million children.

Africa’s under-15 population: nearly half the population of the Central African Republic is under 15
  • Central African Republic had Africa’s highest 0–14 population share at 48.7%.
  • Somalia, Niger, Chad and DR Congo followed, all with at least 45.9% of their populations aged 0–14.
  • DR Congo had Africa’s largest 0–14 population at 51.85 million, despite ranking fifth by share.
  • Children aged 0–14 made up 38.8% of Africa’s population, versus 40.5% in Nigeria.

Twelve African countries have gone at least a decade without completing a new population census
  • Twelve African countries have not completed a census in at least 10 years.
  • DR Congo (42 years) and Somalia (40 years) have Africa's oldest censuses.
  • Guinea-Bissau has completed a new census, while Cameroon and Chad are still counting.
  • Nigeria and DR Congo are preparing new censuses, but fieldwork has not begun.
  • South Sudan's census is disputed, while Eritrea is excluded from the ranking.

Mauritius has almost as many elderly people as children: 97 for every 100
  • Mauritius had 97 elderly people per 100 children in 2025, over 11 times Africa’s median of 8.5.
  • Its ratio increased from fewer than seven in 1960 to 24 in 2000, becoming Africa’s highest in 2009.
  • Seychelles ranked second with 44 elderly people per 100 children, followed by Tunisia with 42.
  • Mauritius’s child share fell from 25.6% to 14.5% between 2000 and 2025, while its elderly share increased from 6.1% to 14.1%.
  • Nigeria’s ratio moved from 6.9 to 7.6 between 2000 and 2025, placing it 38th among 54 countries.

Lagos, Kano, Abuja, and Ibadan are among Africa’s most populous cities with a combined population of 31.3 mn
  • Lagos is Africa’s third-largest city and ranks 14th globally.
  • Cairo remains Africa’s largest city, with over 23 million people, keeping Egypt at the centre of the continent’s urban network.
  • Kinshasa’s position shows Central Africa’s rising urban influence.
  • There is a steep population gap after the top three cities.

3 African cities feature in the 20 most populous cities globally, with a total population of 59.9 million
  • Together, the top three cities — Tokyo, Delhi, and Shanghai — have more than 100 million residents.
  • Asia dominates the ranking, with most of the top ten cities located on the continent.
  • Only three African cities — Cairo, Kinshasa, and Lagos — appear in the top 20.
  • Africa’s three mega-cities together account for nearly 60 million people, showing concentrated urban growth.
  • Urban population growth is driven by migration toward economic and commercial hubs.

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