Federal Government of Nigeria’s External Debt Stock as of March 2021

As of March 2021, the Federal Government of Nigeria’s External Debt Stock stood at $32.9 billion. Following President Muhammadu Buhari’s request to the Senate to approve $6.183 billion in May 2021, we give you the breakdown of the nation’s External Debt Stock by category.

Source:

Debt Management Office of Nigeria

Period:

2021
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Ghana’s debt interest fell to $780 million in 2023 after peaking at a record $1.49 billion in 2022
  • Ghana’s debt interest payments remained below $200 million for nearly three decades, reflecting relatively low external borrowing.
  • From 2000 to 2010, payments rose moderately, reaching $300 million by 2010 as Ghana’s borrowing needs expanded.
  • Interest payments accelerated sharply, surpassing $1 billion in 2017 and peaking at $1.49 billion in 2022.
  • After years of growth, payments plunged to $780 million in 2023, suggesting debt restructuring, payment relief, or reduced new borrowing.
South African cities dominate in the number of millionaires, with 6 out of the top 10 wealthiest African cities
  • Johannesburg is home to the highest number of millionaires in Africa, with 11,700 individuals.
  • Six out of the top ten wealthiest African cities are located in South Africa.
  • Cairo leads North Africa with 6,800 millionaires, showing its dominance as a financial hub.
  • Nairobi has 4,200 millionaires, making it East Africa’s wealthiest city.
  • Lagos, with 3,600 millionaires, remains West Africa’s wealthiest city.
  • Lifestyle regions, such as the Cape Winelands and the Garden Route, feature prominently, reflecting the importance of property and lifestyle economies.
  • Casablanca, with 2,900 millionaires, underscores Morocco’s rising appeal as a North African wealth centre.
Capital expenditure accounted for 52% of Lagos State's Q1 2025 expenditure
  • Capital expenditure accounted for the largest share of Lagos State’s Q1 2025 spending, at 52%.
  • Overhead costs consumed 22% of the total expenditure.
  • Personnel costs accounted for 18%, reflecting the importance of workforce expenses.
  • Debt servicing made up 5%, indicating relatively low pressure from debt obligations.
  • The balance between recurrent (personnel, overhead, debt, and other recurrent) and capital spending leans heavily towards long-term growth.
Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) constituted 61% of Lagos State’s Q1 2025 total receipts
  • Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) accounted for 61% of Lagos State’s Q1 2025 receipts.
  • VAT was the second-largest funding source, contributing 22%.
  • Loans made up 8% of total inflows for the quarter.
  • Opening balance accounted for 4%, indicating a moderate carryover from the previous year.
South Africa hosts 41,100 millionaires, nearly six times Nigeria’s 7,200 millionaires
  • South Africa dominates with 41,100 millionaires, accounting for more than 1 in 3 African millionaires, far ahead of any other nation.
  • Egypt (14,800) and Morocco (7,500) round out the top three, highlighting North Africa’s wealth concentration.
  • Nigeria (7,200) and Kenya (6,800) confirm West and East Africa’s growing wealth hubs, though still far below South Africa.
  • Mauritius (4,800) and Seychelles (500) rank surprisingly high relative to population size, showing their role as finance and wealth management hubs.
Mauritius leads Africa with 63% millionaire growth while Nigeria declines by 47% over the last decade
  • Mauritius is the fastest-growing hub with a 63% surge in millionaires, highlighting its rising financial services sector and favourable investment climate.
  • Rwanda (+48%) and Morocco (+40%) also show strong upward trends, driven by economic diversification and political stability.
  • Nigeria (-47%), Angola (-36%), and Algeria (-23%) recorded the steepest declines, reflecting oil dependence, currency challenges, and political instability.
  • Africa overall saw a -5% dip, showing that while select countries are thriving, the continent’s wealth distribution has shifted unevenly.
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