Côte d'Ivoire has remained among the top three countries in African migrant stock since 1960

  • Africa's migrant stock continues to rise, with several countries exceeding one million migrants in 2015.
  • Burkina Faso and the Democratic Republic of Congo round out the top ten, with over half a million migrants each.
  • Despite being Africa's youngest country, South Sudan ranked sixth, showing the country's rapid migration growth.
  • South Africa has led since 2010, despite facing fluctuations in the migrant stock.
  • East Africa sees significant migration, with Kenya and Ethiopia both exceeding one million migrants.

Migrant stocks in Africa have undergone significant changes over the decades. Nigeria, for instance, saw its migrant stock skyrocket from 94,133 in 1960 to 1,199,115 in 2015, indicating increased mobility. Similarly, South Africa experienced a substantial surge, with migrant numbers growing from 927,656 in 1960 to over 3.1 million in 2015. In contrast, countries like Libya witnessed fluctuating trends, peaking at 771,146 in 2015 after a steady rise. Conversely, Somalia saw a dramatic decline from over 1.6 million migrants in 1980 to just 25,291 in 2015.

At the other end of the spectrum, the five countries with the lowest migrant stocks in 2015 were São Tomé and Príncipe (2,394), Lesotho (6,572), Comoros (12,555), Seychelles (12,791), and Guinea-Bissau (22,333). Historically, these countries have maintained low migrant populations, with minimal fluctuations over the decades.

Source:

World Bank

Period:

1960-2015
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Egypt and Nigeria were Africa’s leading sources of international scholars in the US in 2023/24
  • Egypt remained the lead African country with the highest number of international scholars in the US, with 942 recorded in the 2023/2024 academic session.
  • As of the 2023/2024 academic session, 4,679 international scholars in the United States of America are from Africa.
  • A total of 931 international scholars in the US as of the same session are from Nigeria.
  • Africa produced 4.2% of the international scholars in the US for the session under review.

Africa saw its highest net migration gain of 328K people in 1985, followed by net migration losses except in 2020
  • Africa’s largest net migration gain was in 1985, with +328K people.
  • The continent faced its steepest loss in 2010, with -998K.
  • 2020 was a standout year in recent decades with +248K net gain.
  • The 2024 net migration figure of -644K is the third-largest loss since 1955.
  • Despite a partial recovery in 2025 to -378K, losses still outweigh gains.

Immigrants make up nearly 1 in 5 people in Gabon, leading African countries with highest migrant populations
  • Gabon leads with 18.7% of its population being immigrants, the highest in Africa.
  • Equatorial Guinea follows with 16.4%, also driven by oil-related labor demand.
  • Djibouti (12.1%) and Libya (12.0%) round out the top four with migrant shares over 10%.
  • South Africa has the highest immigrant population in Southern Africa at 4.8%.
  • Most African nations still record under 5% immigrant share, indicating modest migration levels continent-wide.

UAE’s population is 88% immigrants as Gabon tops African list with 19% migrant share
  1. The United Arab Emirates tops the list with immigrants making up 88% of its total population.
  2. Qatar follows closely with 87% of its residents being immigrants.
  3. Kuwait (73%) and Bahrain (55%) also feature prominently, showing a regional trend where nationals are a minority and foreign workers form the economic backbone
  4. Middle Eastern dominance in the top rankings highlights how the Gulf region’s economic model is heavily dependent on imported labor and expatriate populations.

42% of Nigeria’s applications have been rejected over the past 15 years amidst surging demand for Schengen visas
  • Nigerians submitted 1.1 million Schengen visa applications between 2009 and 2024.
  • The highest rejection rates occurred in 2017 (53%) and 2019 (51%).
  • A total of 491,844 applications were rejected, a cumulative denial rate of 42.1%.
  • Despite post-pandemic recovery, 2024 recorded the highest applications (111k), with a 45% rejection rate.
  • The year 2010 stands out as the period with the least number of Schengen visa applications submitted by the Nigerian consulate.

Comoros topped Schengen visa rejection rates in 2024 with 62.90%, despite Algeria leading globally by total denials of 185,101
  • Comoros leads with a striking 62.8% rejection rate, the highest not just among African consulates, but also the global consulate countries

  • Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, and Nigeria follow with rejection shares between 45% and 47%.

  • Despite having one of the highest total visa rejections globally, Algeria does not appear in this chart, as its rejection share is comparatively lower.

  • Countries with smaller applicant pools tend to have higher rejection rates, shedding light on access disparities and approval scrutiny in consulate processes.


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