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The top ten states received 39% of the total National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA) funds in 2024
Key takeaways:
  • Kano State received the highest allocation at ₦1.23 billion, accounting for 5.7% of the total NPHCDA Gateway fund.
  • Katsina followed closely with an allocation of nearly 4%.
  • Five of the top ten recipient states are from Southern Nigeria, while the other five are from the Northern part of Nigeria.
  • Southern states (Osun, Oyo, Anambra, Akwa Ibom, and Imo) featured prominently, together receiving approximately 19% of the total disbursement.
  • The top ten states collectively received ₦8.30 billion, representing 38.6% of the total fund.
  • In total, ₦21.51 billion was disbursed to all states under the NPHCDA Gateway in 2024.

13 northern states, including the FCT, produced a combined 56% of the nation's corn output on average in 2 years
Key Takeaways:
  • Kaduna led national corn production on average, contributing 8% of total output, between 450,000 and 947,000 metric tons.
  • Niger, Gombe, Borno, Plateau, and Taraba followed closely, each accounting for 5–6% of the total output on average.
  • Corn production is heavily concentrated in the North-Central and North-East regions.
  • Kaduna and Niger together accounted for 14% of Nigeria’s corn output on average.
  • The top 10 corn-producing states, all located in northern Nigeria, on average contributed 47% of the national total.
  • Southern states such as Osun and Ondo contributed modest but notable shares, each representing 3% of national production on average.

Approximately 60% of the Basic Health Care Provision Fund (BHCPF) in 2024 was allocated to the northern states
Key takeaways:
  • Kano State received the highest allocation, totalling ₦2.67 billion, which accounts for 5.9% of the entire fund.
  • Nine out of the top ten recipient states are located in Northern Nigeria.
  • Enugu is the sole Southern state to appear among the top ten beneficiaries.
  • The top ten states collectively received ₦16.94 billion, representing 37.3% of the total fund disbursed.
  • In total, ₦45.43 billion was disbursed to all 36 states and the FCT in 2024.

Lagos leads VAT remittance with ₦305B, over 53% of total and more than 3x Rivers'
  • Lagos State contributed ₦305B in VAT, making up over 53% of the national total and more than three times that of any other state.
  • Rivers (₦90B) and Oyo (₦27B) followed Lagos as the second and third highest contributors, highlighting a steep drop after the top state.
  • Only a few states, including Bayelsa, Kano, Kwara, and Edo, remitted above ₦5B, showing a highly uneven distribution of VAT contributions.
  • Over 8 states, such as Kebbi, Osun, Imo, and Zamfara, contributed less than ₦2B each, indicating minimal VAT activity in many parts of the country.

Every North-East state received at least 2× what they contributed (₦46.68 billion in total), a 211.6% increase
  • The North-East remitted only ₦14.98 billion but received ₦46.68 billion, showing a 211.6% gain due to sharing.
  • Taraba, the lowest contributor (₦0.94 billion), saw the highest percentage gain (635%) with an allocation of ₦6.91 billion, reinforcing that smaller economies benefit the most from VAT sharing.
  • Bauchi, despite remitting just ₦2.44 billion, received the highest allocation (₦8.93 billion), a 266% increase, illustrating how VAT is shared based on equality and population, not economic activity.
  • Every state in the region received at least 2× what they remitted, highlighting the North East’s reliance on VAT sharing and fuelling the fiscal federalism debate on whether VAT should be retained at the state level.

As of December 2024, Taraba State (₦20,290.8) recorded the highest average price for 12.5kg cooking gas
Key Takeaways:
  • The average price for 12.5kg cooking gas varies between ₦15,000 and ₦20,300
  • The average price difference of cooking gas among Nigerian states is 28.97%
  • Four out of the six states in the Southwest region are among the top 20 Nigerian states with the highest average cooking gas prices
  • Nine out of Nigeria's 36 states plus Abuja have an average price for 12.5kg cooking gas that exceeds ₦18,000
  • Taraba State stands out as the only state in Nigeria with an average cooking gas price surpassing ₦20,000
  • The national average price of 12.5kg cooking gas in Nigeria is ₦17,274.16

Abuja recorded the highest average price of kerosene in Nigeria as of December 2024
Key takeaways:
  • In December 2024, the top five states with the highest average kerosene prices were: Abuja (₦2,950.0), Akwa Ibom (₦2,538.3), Kaduna (₦2,510.6), Cross River (₦2,430.7), and Sokoto (₦2,400.1).
  • Abuja recorded the highest average price of kerosene in December 2024, while Borno state recorded the lowest price.
  • The price of kerosene per litre ranged from ₦1,520.4 to ₦2,950 across Nigerian states in December 2024.
  • The percentage difference in the price of kerosene across Nigeria states in December 2024 is approximately 63.9%.

Ebonyi & Lagos: Nigeria’s leaders in revenue growth and collection in 2023
Lagos led Nigerian states with ₦815.9 billion in Internally Generated Revenue for 2023, followed by the FCT with ₦211.1 billion. Despite only a 25% growth, Lagos’ IGR confirms its economic dominance. The FCT, meanwhile, recorded an impressive 70% increase. Ebonyi, though with lower revenue, achieved an astonishing 148% growth. Taraba generated the least revenue, increasing by 6%.

Lagos, Rivers, and the FCT collected over half of Nigeria's PAYE in 2022
In 2022, employees in Lagos, Rivers, and the FCT contributed ₦558.7 billion in PAYE tax, representing over half of the nation's total. Lagos State alone accounted for ₦360.9 billion. These figures underscore the tax contributions from Nigeria's key economic regions.

Nigeria: Federation Account Allocation and Internally Generated Revenue by North-Eastern States in 2020
The average IGR by the North-Eastern states was ₦9.5 billion. The region generated the least revenue, with Yobe recording the nation’s least IGR. Here is a breakdown of the Federation Account Allocation and Internally Generated Revenue by North-Eastern states in 2020.


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