South Africa, Egypt and Morocco accounted for nearly 40% ($313b) of Africa’s merchandise imports in 2025

  • Africa imported merchandise worth $788.9 billion in 2025, representing about 3% of global merchandise imports.
  • South Africa was Africa’s largest merchandise importer, with imports valued at $128.1 billion.
  • Egypt ranked second at $97.5 billion, followed by Morocco at $87.4 billion.
  • The three largest importers accounted for $313 billion, or 39.7% of Africa’s total merchandise imports.
  • South Africa alone accounted for about 16.2% of the continental total.
  • The five largest importers, including Algeria and Nigeria, were responsible for $404.6 billion, or 51.3% of Africa’s imports.
  • Nigeria ranked fifth, with merchandise imports valued at $41.5 billion.

Africa imported merchandise worth $788.9 billion in 2025, accounting for about 3.0% of global merchandise imports.

South Africa was the continent’s largest importer at $128.1 billion, followed by Egypt with $97.5 billion and Morocco with $87.4 billion. Together, the three countries accounted for $313.0 billion, or 39.7% of Africa’s total.

The five largest importers, including Algeria and Nigeria, accounted for $404.6 billion, representing 51.3% of the continental total.

The 18 countries shown imported goods worth $645.3 billion, or 81.8% of Africa’s imports, while the remaining 36 countries accounted for $143.6 billion.

Source:

UNCTAD, Intelpoint calculations

Period:

2025
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Africa has never sold more than 20% of its goods exports within the continent in three decades
  • Only 16.9% of Africa’s merchandise exports were sold to other African countries in 2024.
  • Africa had the second-lowest intra-continental export share, ahead only of Oceania’s 4.8%.
  • Europe recorded the highest share at 65.6%, followed by Asia at 58.4% and the Americas at 54.0%.
  • Europe’s intra-continental export share was nearly four times Africa’s.
  • Africa’s share increased from 12.1% in 1995 to 16.9% in 2024, a rise of 4.8 percentage points.
  • Despite this long-term improvement, Africa remained below its 2015 peak of 18.8%.
  • Africa has not crossed the 20% mark at any point in the three decades covered.

South Africa accounted for nearly $1 in every $6 Africa earned from merchandise exports in 2025
  • Africa’s merchandise exports reached $689.2 billion in 2025.
  • Exports grew by 9.7%, the fastest rate outside Asia.
  • Africa accounted for just 2.6% of global merchandise exports.
  • South Africa led with $116.4 billion, followed by Nigeria and Egypt.
  • The top 15 economies generated 79.3% of Africa’s exports.

Nigeria's trade surplus hit a record ₦21.0tn in 2025 and remained strong in Q1 2026
  • Nigeria recorded a ₦21.03 trillion trade surplus in 2025, the highest in the period shown.
  • The trade surplus remained strong at ₦7.55 trillion in Q1 2026.
  • The latest performance marks a sharp recovery from the deficits recorded in 2020 and 2021.
  • Nigeria’s trade balance moved from near zero in 2023 to large surpluses in 2024 and 2025.

Nigeria's non-oil exports grew faster than oil exports in 2024 and 2025, though oil remained dominant
  • In 2025, non-oil export growth (36%) was 6x higher than oil (6%).
  • In 2024, non-oil exports grew by 189% vs oil’s 108%.
  • Total exports still heavily depend on oil.
  • Export value rose from ₦36 trillion in 2023 to ₦85.1 trillion in 2025.

Nigeria imported 10x more from Asia than from Africa in 2025
  • Asia is Nigeria’s top import source in 2025.
  • The highest import value from Asia was recorded in Q1 at ₦8.7 trillion.
  • Imports from Europe surged to ₦8.6 trillion in Q2 but declined to ₦6.6 trillion by Q4.
  • Imports from America showed continuous growth, rising from ₦2.9 trillion in Q1 to ₦6.6 trillion in Q4.
  • Imports from Africa remained below ₦1 trillion across most quarters.

China’s exports to Nigeria increased by 40% in 2025
  • China’s exports to Nigeria increased by 40.4%,
  • China's exports moved from ₦ 14.1 trillion in 2024 to ₦ 19.8 trillion in 2025.
  • Growth was consistent across all four quarters.
  • Quarter 2 saw the highest growth at 80%, jumping from ₦3.0tn to ₦5.4tn.
  • Quarter 4 recorded a modest 4.3% rise.

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