Construction and mining have attracted the largest share of FDI from China to Africa

Key takeaways

  • Construction and mining dominate Chinese FDI in Africa, accounting for nearly 60% of the total investments
  • Financial intermediation, manufacturing, and commercial services also received $10.96 billion combined, smaller than construction alone
  • Leasing and commercial services attracted $2.16 billion, the least among all sectors
  • China’s FDI strategy in Africa continues to emphasise resource extraction and infrastructure, reinforcing economic interdependence

Chinese Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Africa is heavily concentrated in construction and mining, which together received $23.34 billion in 2022. This represents nearly 60% of the total Chinese FDI in the region. Other sectors, including manufacturing and financial intermediation, also attract investment, but in smaller amounts. The least-funded sector, leasing and commercial services, received just $2.16 billion.

Source:

Johns Hopkins University SAIS China-Africa Research Initiative

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  • Côte d'Ivoire attracted $3.80 billion in FDI in 2024, its highest annual inflow ever recorded, more than double 2022’s $1.6 billion.
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Ethiopia’s FDI inflows rose from $10M in the 1990s to $3.98B in 2024, with its sharpest growth phase recorded from 2014–2016
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  • Its annual FDI inflows surged from just $10 million in 1990 to $3.98 billion in 2024, reflecting massive investor interest over time.
  • The country experienced three major FDI booms in 1997–2004, 2011–2014, and 2015–2016, driven by policy reforms and industrial expansion.
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Morocco hit its $3.5B FDI peak twice, in 2014 and 2018
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  • Morocco's FDI inflows peaked twice, in 2014 and 2018, both $3.5 billion.
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South Africa witnessed a record FDI inflow spike in 2021 with $40.22b, followed by a sharp decline in 2022
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  • South Africa’s 2021 FDI spike came from a share swap between Naspers and its Dutch unit, Prosus.

DR Congo’s FDI inflows rose from near-zero in the 1990s to $3.11B in 2024, with its highest growth phase occurring between 2007 and 2012
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